Reproductive System Flashcards
What is the broad ligament?
Connective tissue connecting the sides of the uterus to the pelvic walls and floor. Covers the uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes.
Mesovarium
suspends ovary from broad ligament
Suspensory ligament of ovary
Contains ovarian vessels and attaches to upper end of ovary
Round ligament of the ovary
Attaches from lower end of the ovary to later border of uterus.
Homologous to round ligament of ovary
Gubernaculum
Name the portions of the uterine tubes
Infundibulum with fimbriae, ampulla, isthmus, interstitial/uterine
How long does it take for an egg to travel from ovary to uterine
6 days
What are the two portions of the uterus?
Body and cervix
Part of the uterus that extends superior to the body
Fundus
What is the uterine lining made of?
Endometrium
Extending from lateral border of the uterus, runs through the broad ligament, and traverses the inguinal canal, terminating in subcutaneous tissue of labia majora
Round ligament of the uterus
Formerly called external os, at apex of cervix, opening of uterus to vagina
Uterine ostium
Groove between vaginal wall and cervix
Vaginal fornix
Connection between body of uterus and cervix
Isthmus
The position of the uterus is…
anteverted (tilted forward from vagina) and anteflexed (body is slightly curved with concavity facing anteriorly and inferiorly)
Posterior fornix is…
internal end of vagina
Where does the labia majora meet?
Below mons pubis anteriorly
The inner and outer portions of the labia major are lined with what?
Smooth m. and sebaceous glands (not connected to hair follicles)
What glands contribute to lubrication of the labia minora?
Bartholin glands
Components of vulva
Labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, vestibular glands, vaginal orifice
What is the pathway of the ovum/egg?
Ovulation-fimbriae-oviduct/fillopian tube/uterine tube-uterus-vestibule
Extension of posterior sheet of peritoneum, supporting ovary.
Mesovarium
Upper potion of broad ligament, adjacent to uterine tube
Mesosalpinx
Major part of broad ligament, extends from lateral margin of uterus to lateral wall of pelvis.
Mesometrium
Connective tissue sheath around vessels, nerves, and lymphatic channels of uterus, vagina and lateral pelvic wall.
Lateral cervical ligament/cardinal ligament
What are the peritoneal pouches associated with the uterus?
Vesicouterine pouch and rectouterine pouch
What is the second most common site for ectopic pregnancies?
Rectouterine pouch
Arterial supply to the uterus
Ovarian from aorta and uterine & vaginal from internal iliac
Venous system of uterus
vaginal & uterine venous plexus joining vesical plexus - internal iliac vein - IVC & L renal vein
What produces the ridged appearance in skin of scrotum when contracted?
Dartos tunic containing dartos muscle
What does the dartos muscle do?
Creates scrotal septum, dividing scrotum into two compartments
Contents of scrotum
Testis, epididymis, and spermatic cord
Layers of scrotum (Superficial to deep)
External spermatic fascia, cremaster muscle, internal spermatic fascia, parietal layer of tunica vaginalis, visceral layer of tunica vaginalis
Spermatic cord contents
Ductus/vas deference, testicular/gonadal artery, pampiniform plexus, lymphatic vessels and nerves
What forms the capsule of testis?
Tunica albuginea (dividing testis into 2 lobes by fibrous septa, each lobe containing seminiferous tubules)
Pathway of sperm
Convoluted seminiferous tubules-straight seminiferous tubules-rete testis-efferent ducts-ductus epididymus-ductus/vas deferens-ejaculatory duct-urethra
Dilation of penile urethra in glans penis
Fossa navicularis
How much does sperm make of overall semen volume?
5%
How much of semen volume is produced from Cowper’s glands?
1%
How much semen volume is produced from seminal vesicles?
60-65%
Bulbourethral glands AKA
Cowper’s glands
Viscid, mucoid substance to lubricate urethra come from…
Bulbourethral/Cowper’s glands
Yellowish, thick, sticky mucoid secretion high in fructose comes from…
Seminal vesicles
Function of prostate gland
Produce alkaline fluid to reduce acidity of both urethra and vagina
How much of semen volume is made from prostate gland secretion?
40%
Genitofemoral n. and cremasteric a. supply what
cremaster m.
What do the cremasteric a. and ductus deferens anastomose with?
Testicular artery
