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Fertility + Reproduction > Reproductive Physiology + Hormones > Flashcards

Reproductive Physiology + Hormones Flashcards

1
Q

What is FSH ?

A

Follicle stimulating hormone

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2
Q

What is LH ?

A

Luteinizing hormone

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3
Q

What is the role of FSH in females?

A

Causes the growth of ovarian follicles (oogenesis) and causes the ovary to secrete oestrogen

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4
Q

What is the role of FSH in males?

A

Causes the testes to produce sperm (spermatogenesis)

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5
Q

What is the role of LH in females?

A

Causes ovulation and causes progesterone production by the Corpus Luteum

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6
Q

What is the role of LH in males?

A

Causes the testes to secrete testosterone

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7
Q

What secretes FSH and LH ?

A

Anterior pituitary gland

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8
Q

What are the two ‘gonadotropic’ hormones?

A

FSH and LH

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9
Q

What is GnRH ?

A

Gonadotropin releasing hormone

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10
Q

What is the role of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) ?

A

It is responsible for the release of FSH and LH from the anterior pituitary

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11
Q

How does GnRH released?

A

In a pulsatile manner

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12
Q

What is GnRH pulsatility regulated by?

A

Oestrogen and Progesterone

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13
Q

How long is the follicular phase on average?

A

Typically 14 days (+/- 7 days)

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14
Q

How long is the luteal phase on average?

A

14 days - more constant than the follicular phase

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15
Q

Where is GnRH released from?

A

Hypothalamus

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16
Q

When does the LH surge occur?

A

24-36 hours before ovulation occurs

17
Q

What hormone peaks before ovulation?

A

Estradiol

18
Q

What hormone peaks after ovulation?

A

Progesterone

19
Q

What does oestrogen do?

A

Responsible for fertile cervical mucus and stimulates thickening of the endometrium

20
Q

What type of feedback does oestrogen have on the pituitary and hypothalamus?

A

Mostly -ve

21
Q

What does progesterone do?

A

Inhibits LH secretion and is responsible for infertile cervical mucus and maintains thickness of the endometrium

22
Q

Which hormone has a thermogenic effect?

A

Progesterone - increases basal body temperature

23
Q

What does spinnbarkeit mean?

A

A property of cervical mucus in response to high levels of oestrogen around the time of ovulation - becomes thin, slippery and stretchy

24
Q

When does menopause commonly occur?

A
25
Q

What is a follicle made up of?

What happens when it grows?

A

An oocyte surrounded by follicular cells

Increased follicular cells

26
Q

Name the hormones produced by the adenohypophysis?
Reminder: FLAT PEG

A

FSH
LH
ACTH
TSH
Prolactin
Endorphins
Growth hormone

27
Q

Where is testosterone produced?

A

By Leydig cells under the control of LH

28
Q

What is testosterone converted to?

A

Dihydrotestosterone and oestradiol

Fertility + Reproduction (5 decks)

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