Reproductive Organs Flashcards
Ovary function
Produce oocyte/follicles/hormones
Ovary blood supply
Ovarian artery, collateral flow from uterine vessels of internal iliac artery
Ovary innervation
Pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-S4; parasympathetic); thoracic/abdominal sympathetic chain (T11-L1; sympathetic);
sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (pelvic splanchnic), pain (sympathetic)
Uterine tube function
Transports oocyte into uterus, common site of fertilization
Note: Implantation in uterine tube or anywhere not in the myometrium of the uterus=ectopic pregnancy
Uterine tube blood supply
Ovarian artery, collateral flow from uterine vessels of internal iliac artery
Uterine tube innervation
Pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-S4; parasympathetic); thoracic/abdominal sympathetic chain (T11-L1; sympathetic); sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (pelvic splanchnic), pain (sympathetic)
Uterus function
Supports development of infant from embryo to neonate
Note: Highly muscular and composed of numerous parts-fundus, body, and cervix. Endometrial lining proliferates and sheds regularly due to the actions of ovarian hormones. Pathway for pain innervation dependent on position relative to pelvic pain line-highly relevant for anesthesia
Uterus blood supply
Uterine/vaginal branches of internal iliac artery
Uterus innervation
Pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-S4; parasympathetic); abdominal sympathetic chain (L1-L2 sympathetic); sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (pelvic splanchnic), pain (sympathetic in fundus and much of body, pelvic splanchnic in lower uterus/cervix)
Cervix function
Superior part of birth canal
Note: Muscular part of uterus that protrudes into vagina
Cervix blood supply
Uterine/vaginal branches of internal iliac artery
Cervix innervation
Pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-S4; parasympathetic); abdominal sympathetic chain (L1-L2 sympathetic); sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (pelvic splanchnic), pain (pelvic splanchnic)
Vagina Function
Reception of sperm to uterus for fertilization, passage of infant during birth, passage of shed uterine lining during menstruation
Note: Muscle-walled canal, contains numerous mucous glands.
Vagina blood supply
Uterine/vaginal branches of internal iliac artery
Vagina innervation
Pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-S4; parasympathetic); abdominal sympathetic chain (L1-L2 sympathetic); sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (pelvic splanchnic), pain (pelvic splanchnic)
Labia Majora function
Protect the clitoris/urethral/vaginal openings
Note: Surrounds the labia minora forming outermost part of the vulva
Labia majora blood supply
Internal pudendal artery
Labia majora innervation
Pudendal nerve, genitofemoral nerve
Labia minora function
Provides mechanical protection and secretes oils/mucus to protect the clitoris/urethral/vaginal openings
Note: Medial to labia majora-hairless. Surrounds the vestibule of the vagina, where the clitoris, urethral opening, and vaginal opening are located. Corpus spongiosum erectile tissue is deep to these structures
Labia Minora blood supply
Internal pudendal artery
Labia minora innervation
Pudendal nerve
Clitoris function
Sexual arousal, sexual functioning
Note: Female analogue of penis. Made up of only corpus cavernosum (unlike penis which has 3 erectile bodies)-located at anterior apex of labia minora
Clitoris blood supply
Internal pudendal artery
Clitoris innervation
dorsal nerve of clitoris (via pudendal nerve)
Testis function
Produce sperm
Testis blood supply
Testicular artery
Testis innervation
Possible vagus innervation and pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-S4; parasympathetic); thoracic sympathetic chain (T10-T11; sympathetic); sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (pelvic splanchnic or vagal), pain (sympathetic & genitofemoral nerve)
Epididymis function
Site of sperm maturation
Note: Lies on posterior testis
Ductus deferens function
Transports sperm from epididymis of testis to the ejaculatory duct and prostatic urethra
Note:Turns immediately medially when exiting deep ring
Ductus deferens blood supply
Testicular artery and internal iliac artery
Ductus deferens innervation
Pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-4; parasympathetic), Abdominal sympathetic chain (L1-L2; sympathetic); unconcious/reflex (pelvic splanchnic), pain (pelvic splanchnic, genitofemoral)
Prostate function
Produces components of semen
Note: Surrounds urethra immediately inferior to bladder (prostatic urethra)
Prostate blood supply
Branches of internal iliac artery to bladder
Prostate innervation
Pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-4; parasympathetic), Abdominal sympathetic chain (L1-L2; sympathetic); sensory pathways: unconcious/reflex (pelvic splanchnic), pain (pelvic splanchnic)
Seminal vesicle function
Produces components of semen
Note: Duct of seminal vesicle joins with ductus deferens to form ejaculatory duct, which exits into the prostatic urethra
Seminal vesicle blood supply
Branches of internal iliac artery to bladder
Seminal vesicle innervation
Pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-4; parasympathetic), Abdominal sympathetic chain (L1-L2; sympathetic); sensory pathways: unconcious/reflex (pelvic splanchnic), pain (pelvic splanchnic)
Scrotum function
Contains, supports, protects testes
Scrotum blood supply
Branches of internal pudendal artery
Scrotum innervation
Genitofemoral nerve, pudendal nerve
Penis function
Delivery of sperm into vagina, sexual arousal/functioning, elimination of urine
Note: Male analogue of clitoris. Contains 3 erectile bodies (2 corpora cavernosa, corpus spongiosum) which surround urethra. Base of penis is muscular (called the bulb) which contracts during ejaculation
Penis blood supply
Internal pudendal artery
Penis innervation
dorsal nerve of clitoris (via pudendal nerve)
