Reproductive - Male System

Question 1

function of the accessory reproductive glands?

Answer 1

contributes to seminal fluid production - largely done by seminal vesicles, prostate gland and bulbourethral glands

Question 2

function of the vas deferens?

Answer 2

transportation of sperm form the epididymis to seminal vesicles

Question 3

function of epididymis?

Answer 3

storage and maturation of spermatozoa

Question 4

function of the testes?

Answer 4

biological male gonads - testosterone production and spermatogenesis

Question 5

function of the penis?

Answer 5

ejaculation of sperm and urine

Question 6

function of scrotum?

Answer 6

has skin and fascial layers - is a sac which holds the testes and spermatic cord

Question 7

describe the scrotum - function? structure?

Answer 7

contains left and right testes and spermatic cord - separated by septum which shows externally as scrotal raphe

made of skin, fascia and muscle layers - contains the testes which produce testosterone and sperm

outside the body compartment as the optimal temp for spermatogenesis is 2-3 degrees below body temp

scrotal mucle can contract when it’s too cold - testes withdraw closert o body and are kept warm

Question 8

describe the testes - structure, function?

Answer 8

paired structures suspended within scrotum by the spermatic cord

surrounded by muscle and fascia layers, encased in a thick capsule

consists of 90% seminiferous tubules, associated with epididymis

function: seminiferous tubules produce spermatozoa which are stored in the epididymis, Leydig cells produce testosterone

Question 9

describe the epididymis - structure? function?

Answer 9

elongated, long-coiled structure that receives spermatozoa from testes - involved in storage and maturation of immature sperm

stored sperm travels through head, body and tail of epididymis into vas deferens

Question 10

describe the vas deferens - passage from epididymis to urethra?

Answer 10

function: receives mature sperm from epididymis - transports sperm to seminal vesicle

passes in spermatic cord, traverses abdominal muscle wall through the inguinal canal with spermatic cord neurovasculature, passes over the roof of the bladder superior to the ureter, joins duct of the seminal vesicle with its ampulla and receives seminal fluid

seminal fluid and sperm = semen - vas deferens becomes the ejaculatory duct as it enters the prostate as the prostatic urethra to receive more fluid

also receives secretions form the bulbourethral glands before it traverses as the penis urethra

Question 11

what is the ejaculatory duct?

Answer 11

duct of seminal vesicle that joins the vas deferens - transports seminal fluid secretions mixes with mature sperm and forms semen

transports semen into prostatic urethra

Question 12

what are the three accessory reproductive male glands? what do they secrete?

Answer 12

seminal vesicles, prostate gland, bulbourethral glands

seminal vesicle - 50-70% seminal fluid; secretes proteins, enzymes, fructose for energy, alkaline fluid to help neutralise acidic environment of vagina

prostate gland - 20% of secretions/fluid; milk white secretion of proteases and phosphatases for liquefaction of semen

bulbourethral glands - 10% fluid; clear, viscous fluid that assists lubrication, neutralises urethra pre-ejaculation

Question 13

describe the anatomy of the penis

Answer 13

two corpus cavernosa, left and right crus, corpus spongiosum: spongy urethra, glans penis, bulb of penis

three cylindrical bodies of erectile tissue - two paired corpus cavernosa and one corpus spongiosum

corpus cavernosa arise from the left and right crus - the erectile tissue attached to pubic bone

corpus spongiosum as erectile tissue for body of penis contains spongy urethra, glans of penis distally and bulb of penis proximally (near crura)

Question 14

what does the body of the penis contain?

Answer 14

two paired corpus cavernosa and one corpus spongiousm as erectile tissue

Question 15

describe the root of the penis

Answer 15

left and right crura associated with ischiocavernous muscle, bulb of penis associated with bulbospongiosus muscle

contains the left and right crura attached to pubic bone - give rise to the free corpus cavernosa
= ischiocavernous muscle contracts durign erection, pushing blood flow into penis during erection

bulb of penis - associated with bulbospongiosus muscle which contracts and help empty the urethra of any residual semen and urine