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Health Promotion > Reproductive Issues Mod 4 > Flashcards

Reproductive Issues Mod 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What hormone is responsible for developing and maintaining female reproductive organs…as well as secondary sex characteristics?

A

Estrogen

The most potent ovarian estrogen is estradiol

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2
Q

What is the purpose of progesterone in the menstrual cycle?

A

Regulation of changes that occurred in the uterus during cycle

Secreted by corpus luteum

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3
Q

What is the most important hormone for conditioning of the endometrium to prepare for fertilization or implantation?

A

Progesterone

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4
Q

After pregnancy occurs, progesterone production is taken over by what?

A

Placenta

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5
Q

Hormone produced by ovaries and adrenal glands ?

Responsible for follicular development, libido, oily skin, and hair

A

Androgens

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6
Q

What are the two types of gonadotropin hormones?

Both released by pituitary gland

A

FSH = follicle stimulating hormone

LH = Lutenizing hormone

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7
Q

This hormone affects the rate of FSH and LH release.

Produced by the hypothalamus

A

Gonadotropin releasing hormone

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8
Q

Luteinizing hormone is associated with what other hormone?

A

progesterone

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9
Q

Follicle stimulating hormone is associated with what other hormone?

A

Estrogen

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10
Q

This hormone causes uterine contractions in preparation for birth or involution.

A

Oxytocin

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11
Q

Hormone responsible for relaxing of the joints during pregnancy

A

Relaxin

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12
Q

This hormone is responsible for milk production

A

Prolactin

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13
Q

Three stages of the menstrual cycle from beginning to end

A

Proliferative phase
Secretory phase
Luteal phase

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14
Q

When is the proliferative phase of menstruation cycle?

A

Right after menstruation (period) ends

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15
Q

When does the secretory phase of menstruation cycle occur?

A

Day 14 through 28

Ovulation occurs due to LH increase 

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16
Q

When does the Luteal phase occur in the menstrual cycle?

A

After ovulation endometrium thickened, making it highly vascular and ready for implantation

17
Q

Toxic shock syndrome is characterized by what sign/symptoms?

A

Flu like symptoms, high fever, headache, dizziness, hypovolemia, hypotension

18
Q

What causes toxic shock syndrome?

A

Super absorbency tampons

Tampons left and overnight (more than 3-6 hours)

Diaphragm birth control method, especially when on period

19
Q

What is the typical age on onset for menarche?

A

Age 15

20
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of pre-menstrual syndrome?

A

Irritability, attention and dysphoria (distress)

21
Q

What are some helpful tips for patients with PMS?

A

Add vitamin B complex and vitamin E

Exercise

Birth control, NSAID, anti-depressants

Dietary: avoid red meat, salt, sugar, nicotine, alcohol

22
Q

Amenorrhea means __________?

What is primary and secondary amenorrhea characterized by?

A

NO menstruation

Primary: someone who hasn’t menstruated before (younger child)

Secondary: absence of menstruation for three cycles, or irregular cycles for six months (pregnancy, extreme stress, anorexia, CNS issues)

23
Q

Dysmenorrhea is painful menses, who is more at risk for dysmenorrhea?

A

People with endometriosis or pelvic inflammatory disease

24
Q

For what populations is it normal to have amenorrhea?

A

Prepubescent, pregnancy, postpartum, post menopausal 

25
Q

What causes abnormal uterine bleeding? This typically occurs at the beginning or end of a cycle.

A

Due to a hormonal imbalance

26
Q

What is perimenopause?

A

Usually 2 to 8 years before cessation of menstruation or time before menopause

27
Q

When is menopause clinically confirmed?

A

One year from last period. Means your reproductive capacity has ended.

28
Q

What are some reasons menopause may come earlier than the average 51 years of age?

A

Destruction of ovaries due to radiation, chemo or other medication

Surgical removal of ovaries 

29
Q

What is a treatment for menopause symptoms?

What are the risks to these treatments?

A

Hormone replacement therapy

Estrogen may help symptoms of menopause, but increase risk of cardiovascular events

30
Q

Signs and symptoms of menopause

A

Mood changes, hot flashes, sleep, and memory issues

31
Q

How does menopause affect bone health?

A

Low bone mass and deterioration happen rapidly after menopause

This happens due to G.I. tract losing some ability to absorb calcium

Risk for fragile bones and fractures

Patient may lose height as well

32
Q

What are some interventions for osteoporosis related to menopause?

A

Weight exercises and walking

Add calcium and vitamin D to diet

Avoid nicotine and alcohol use

Health Promotion (4 decks)

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