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ob - 332 > reproductive health and the family 2 > Flashcards

reproductive health and the family 2 Flashcards

1
Q

fibrocystic breast changes

A

thickening of normal breast tissue
imbalance of estrogen and progesterone

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2
Q

fibrocystic breast changes - cm

A

cyclic pain, tenderness, swelling right before menses
may be able to feel mass

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3
Q

fibrocystic breast changes - tm

A

diagnose with mammogram mri or fine needle aspiration
limit caffeine, decrease Na, use oral contraceptives

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4
Q

endometriosis

A

presence of endometrial tissue outside of uterine cavity
unknown cause, maybe backflow of menstrual flow, inflam of endometrium, immune defect

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5
Q

endometriosis - cm

A

pelvic pain usually at menses
may cause infertility

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6
Q

endometriosis - tm

A

diagnose: laparoscopy
sx removal endometrial tissue (help with fertility), NSAIDS (inflam), oral contraceptives (stop periods)

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7
Q

PCOS

A

ovaries enlarges with cycsts along outer edge
unknown cause

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8
Q

PCOS - cm

A

irregular to absent menses, elevated testosterone and androgen, obese, insulin resistant, infertility
ance, alopecia, hurchuism, deep voice, increased muscle mass

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9
Q

PCOS - tm

A

diagnose: H&P, labs, vaginal ultrasound
oral contraceptives, glucophage and spironolactone (aldosterone)

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10
Q

toxic shock syndrome

A

around menses or postpartum
toxin by staph A

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11
Q

toxic shock syndrome - cm

A

fever, rash on trunk (sunburn), v, hypot, inflam mucouse membranes

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12
Q

toxic shock syndrome - tm

A

diagnose: elevated BUN, AST, ALT, bili, low plt
hospital, IVF to maintain BP abx

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13
Q

bacterial vaginosis

A

decrease in normal flora, overgrowth of bad - douching or freq sex

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14
Q

bacterial vaginosis - cm

A

increased thin watery whitish/grey fluid with fishy smell

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15
Q

bacterial vaginosis - tm

A

vaginal pH >4.5, slide prep
flagyl (metronidazole), clindamycin vaginal cream

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16
Q

vaginal candidiasis

A

yeast
abx, oral contraceptives, immunosuppressants, DM

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17
Q

vaginal candidiasis - cm

A

itch, thick and curdy, rash

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18
Q

vaginal candidiasis - tm

A

vaginal discharge will show spores under microscope
diflucan or nystatin

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19
Q

trichomoniasis

A

sex trans
trichomoniasis vaginalis

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20
Q

trichomoniasis - cm

A

yellow/green discharge, inflam, itch, dysuria

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21
Q

trichomoniasis - tm

A

visualize on microscope
flagyl vs non treatment (increased risk of preterm labor or complications with pregnancy, low brith weight, no sex until condition passes)

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22
Q

chlamydial

A

bacterial STD
chlamydia trachomatis

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23
Q

chlamydial - cm

A

can be asymp
thin purulent discharge, dysuria, lower abd pain

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24
Q

chlamydial - tm

A

lab culture
azithromycin
can cause blindness and pna in newborn (neonatal conjunctivitis)

25
Q

gonorrhea

A

std, increase risk for pelvic inflam disease
bacteria meisseria gonorrhoeae

26
Q

gonorrhea - cm

A

purulent, greenish/yellow discharge, dysruia, vulva swell
can be asymp

27
Q

gonorrhea - tm

A

lab
rocephin and azuthromycin

28
Q

herpes genitalis

A

hsv1 = cold sores
hsv2 = genitals

29
Q

herpes genitalis - cm

A

single blisterlike vesicle
itch and tingle before vesicle

30
Q

herpes genitalis tm

A

culture of lesion
no cure, acyclovir to help keep dormant
lesions usually heal themselves (2-4 wk)
reoccurance: tight clothes, overheat, freq sex, stress, menstruation, pregnancy
dont deliver vaginally if you have active lesion

31
Q

syphilis

A

chronic from contact with open wound or acquired congenitally
fetus can acquire from mom
spirochete treponema pallidum

32
Q

syphilis - cm

A

chancre - wart like plaque on vulva
fever, weight loss, malaise

33
Q

syphilis - tm

A

blood test VDLR or RPR
penicillin
increased risk for: interuterine growth restriction, preterm birth or still brith

34
Q

HPV

A

sex trans - vaginal, oral or anal
cause cervical cancer

35
Q

HPV - cm

A

genital worts - can be internal for women

36
Q

HPV - tm

A

biopsy lesions
cryotherapy, shave excision, acid removal

37
Q

Pelvic inflammatory disease

A

inflam disorder of upper genitalia, can cause tubal damage and infertility
multiple partners, IUD, untreated gonorrhea and chlamydia

38
Q

Pelvic inflammatory disease - cm

A

bilateral, sharp cramping pain, fever, chills, purulent vaginal drainage
can be asymp

39
Q

Pelvic inflammatory disease - tm

A

culture, cbc, vdrl, rpr (rule out syphilis)
multiple abx combos

40
Q

UTI lower

A

cystitis
low grade temp, hematuria, painful urination
e. coli, enterococcus or staph

41
Q

uti lower - tm

A

urine specimen, labs
abx

42
Q

uti upper

A

pyelonephritis
proceeded by lower infection
high temp, chills, flank pain (one sided usually)

43
Q

uti upper - tm

A

urine specimen, labs
IVF, IV abx, pain meds

44
Q

fertility essential: female

A

favorable cervical mucus, patent tubes with normal motility, ovaries that produce and release normal ova, no obstruction between ovary and uterus, favorable endometrium, adequate reproductive hormones

45
Q

fertility essential: male

A

normal quality, quantity and motility of sperm; unobstructed genital tract, normal genital tract secretions, ejaculated sperm able to reach cervix

46
Q

infertility workup

A

female: BBT, cervical mucus changes, hormonal assessment, endometrial biopsy, transvaginal US
male: ductal obstruction or abnormal sperm/sperm production

47
Q

infertility - meds

A

clomid
progesterone
gonadotropins (FSH, LH)
parlodel

48
Q

infertility - therapeutic insemination

A

donor or partner’s sperm deposited at cervical os or uterus mechanically

49
Q

infertility - IVF

A

egg collected from ovary fertilized in lab and placed in uterus after embryo development starts

50
Q

infertility - gamete intrafallopian transfer

A

egg removed by laparoscopy and placed with sperm, fertilization occurs in fallopian tube, then egg travels to uterus to implant

51
Q

infertility - zygote intrafallopian transfer

A

eggs retrieved and incubated with sperm and placed back into fallopian tubes once fertilization occurs

52
Q

infertility - adoption

A

info from reliable sources, international v domestic, reputable agencies, expensive and time consuming

53
Q

effects of infertility

A

stress on relationship, intrusiveness, guilt, frustration, anger, shame, loss of control, incompetence or defensive, social stigma, strained relationship with hcp, loss of status and ambiguity as couple

54
Q

nurses role in prenatal diagnostic tests

A

identify families at risk, determine how genetic problem is perceived and what info is needed, be a liasion, provide education and referrals, help family cope, assure continuity of care

55
Q

infertility - primary

A

unprotected sex for 12 mo

56
Q

infertility - secondary

A

cant conceive or sustain after 1+ successful

57
Q

improve fertility

A

dont douche, no lube, retain sperm 20-30 min, every other day, decrease anx and stress, nutrition (decrease or increase weight)

58
Q

turner syndrome

A

45 X
short, wide neck, failure of ovaries to develop, heart problems, abnormal trunk, infertility

59
Q

kleinfelter syndrome

A

47xxy
small testicles, decreased testosterone, less muscle mass, decreased body hair, enlarged breast tissue, little to no sperm

ob - 332 (15 decks)

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