reproductive health and the family 2 Flashcards
fibrocystic breast changes
thickening of normal breast tissue
imbalance of estrogen and progesterone
fibrocystic breast changes - cm
cyclic pain, tenderness, swelling right before menses
may be able to feel mass
fibrocystic breast changes - tm
diagnose with mammogram mri or fine needle aspiration
limit caffeine, decrease Na, use oral contraceptives
endometriosis
presence of endometrial tissue outside of uterine cavity
unknown cause, maybe backflow of menstrual flow, inflam of endometrium, immune defect
endometriosis - cm
pelvic pain usually at menses
may cause infertility
endometriosis - tm
diagnose: laparoscopy
sx removal endometrial tissue (help with fertility), NSAIDS (inflam), oral contraceptives (stop periods)
PCOS
ovaries enlarges with cycsts along outer edge
unknown cause
PCOS - cm
irregular to absent menses, elevated testosterone and androgen, obese, insulin resistant, infertility
ance, alopecia, hurchuism, deep voice, increased muscle mass
PCOS - tm
diagnose: H&P, labs, vaginal ultrasound
oral contraceptives, glucophage and spironolactone (aldosterone)
toxic shock syndrome
around menses or postpartum
toxin by staph A
toxic shock syndrome - cm
fever, rash on trunk (sunburn), v, hypot, inflam mucouse membranes
toxic shock syndrome - tm
diagnose: elevated BUN, AST, ALT, bili, low plt
hospital, IVF to maintain BP abx
bacterial vaginosis
decrease in normal flora, overgrowth of bad - douching or freq sex
bacterial vaginosis - cm
increased thin watery whitish/grey fluid with fishy smell
bacterial vaginosis - tm
vaginal pH >4.5, slide prep
flagyl (metronidazole), clindamycin vaginal cream
vaginal candidiasis
yeast
abx, oral contraceptives, immunosuppressants, DM
vaginal candidiasis - cm
itch, thick and curdy, rash
vaginal candidiasis - tm
vaginal discharge will show spores under microscope
diflucan or nystatin
trichomoniasis
sex trans
trichomoniasis vaginalis
trichomoniasis - cm
yellow/green discharge, inflam, itch, dysuria
trichomoniasis - tm
visualize on microscope
flagyl vs non treatment (increased risk of preterm labor or complications with pregnancy, low brith weight, no sex until condition passes)
chlamydial
bacterial STD
chlamydia trachomatis
chlamydial - cm
can be asymp
thin purulent discharge, dysuria, lower abd pain