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ob - 332 > reproductive health and the family 1 > Flashcards

reproductive health and the family 1 Flashcards

1
Q

labia minora

A

inner folds of skin that protect vaginal opening and produce bactericidal secretions, lubricate

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2
Q

perineal body

A

fibromuscular area of vulva between anus and vagina that stretches for delivery

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3
Q

vulva

A

all external

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4
Q

mons pubis

A

fatty tissue protect pelvic bone

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5
Q

labia majora

A

first line of protection, when legs closed
protect underlying tissues

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6
Q

clitoris

A

bundle of nerves, fmeale erectile tissue

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7
Q

urethral meatus (opening)

A

hard to locate when pregnant, lots of swelling, aim high

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8
Q

uterus

A

tilted posterior when not pregnant
pear - watermelon with pregnancy
puts pressure on bladder and rectum (c and hemorrhoids)

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9
Q

posterior fornix

A

area around cervix where semen can pool/collect

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10
Q

fundus

A

muscular rounded upper portion of uterus
push baby down during labor
massage after delivery to prevent hemorrhage

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11
Q

endometrium

A

site of implantation of fertilized egg
internal lining of uterus

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12
Q

myometrium

A

muscular layer of uterus

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13
Q

perimetrium

A

outer layer of uterus

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14
Q

cervix

A

connect uterus to vaginal canal

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15
Q

cardinal ligament

A

ligament responsible for preventing prolapse - with large babies
help everything stay in place
suspend uterus in true pelvis

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16
Q

broad ligament

A

overall stability, keeps everything central
sheath - covers pelvic cavity

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17
Q

round ligaments

A

springs, bouncing, allow pull and play
help uterus be able to move around

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18
Q

ampulla

A

where egg is fertilized

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19
Q

fimbriae

A

fingerlike projection, capture egg and bring into ampulla

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20
Q

isthmus

A

site of tubular ligation
connect fallopian tube with uterus
where tubal ligation occurs

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21
Q

ischial spines

A

narrowest part of bony pelvis and plays role in fetal station
true pelvis

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22
Q

breast alveoli

A

site of milk production and storage

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23
Q

lactiferous ducts

A

milk from alveoli to baby

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24
Q

scrotum

A

house testes, sac like pouch
protect and control sperm temp lower than body

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25
Q

testes

A

site of sperm production
secrete testosterone

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26
Q

epididymis

A

duct that serves as sperm reservoir, stores until ejaculation

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27
Q

vas deferens

A

sperm travels through here during ejaculation
connect epididymus and prostate

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28
Q

seminal vesicle

A

adds glucose, prostaglandins, alkaline fluids, clotting factors to sperm
clear viscous fluid - help sperm motility and metabolism

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29
Q

prostate

A

give alkaline to sperm protect from vaginal secretions
milky fluid
hormone production and urine flow

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30
Q

how long are ova fertile after ovulation

A

12 -24

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31
Q

how long do sperm live

A

48-72

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32
Q

highest fertility

A

13 -15 days

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33
Q

chorion

A

outermost placenta

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34
Q

amnion

A

innermost layer
hold amniotic fluid

35
Q

yolk sac

A

nutrients until placental takes over ~12 wk

36
Q

chorionic villus

A

fingerlike projections, attach placenta to endometrium
have DNA

37
Q

di/di

A

identical
divide w/n 3 days
earlier division = less they share

38
Q

mono/di

A

identical
divide w/n 5 days
share placenta - danger bc one can take more nutrients than other

39
Q

mono/mono

A

identical
divide w/n 8-12 days
share everything, no one sidedness but tangling of cords

40
Q

amniotic fluid

A

cushion fetus and umbilical cord
help control temp
allow fetus to change position
promote growth and lung dev (practice breathing, open alveoli)
analyze fetal lung maturity (lecithin and sphinogomyelin - phospholipids that act as surfactant to keep alveoli open; L/S >2:1 = mature lungs)
made of albumin, vernix, urine, uric acid, lecithin, sphinogomyelin

41
Q

polyhydraminos

A

too much amniotic fluid
congenital disorder, maternal dm/high blood glucose
>2000mL
baby cant swallow
twins

42
Q

oligohydraminos

A

too little fluid <400, AFI<5
fetal kidney function, leak, high bp, bladder obstruction

43
Q

umbilical cord

A

body stalk connecting placenta with fetus
2 arteries and 1 vein
surrounded by special connective tissue - wharton’s jelly
no sensory or motor innervation
twisted, spiral shape due to fetal movement

44
Q

umbilical vein

A

carry O2 blood from placental to baby

45
Q

umbilical arteries

A

carry deoxy blood and waste from baby to placenta

46
Q

placenta

A

immunologic properties against antibody production (mom and foreign body)
excretion
fetal respiration
production of fetal nutrients and hormones (hcg)

47
Q

week 4

A

heart beats
arm and leg buds, eyes, ears form
lung buds, somites (beginning vertebrae)

48
Q

week 6

A

heart circulates blood, liver functions rbc, straighter body, trachea, nares, digits dev, tail begins to recede

49
Q

week 12

A

genitals differentiated, urine production, FHT heard with doppler
face well developed, eyelids closed, tooth buds, urine produced, spontaneous movement

50
Q

week 20

A

fetal movement felt by mother, vernix, lanugo, nails, nipples, sq fat, FHR by fetoscope

51
Q

week 24

A

viable!
alveoli form
startle and grasp reflexes
eyes structurally complete
fingerprints and footprints
vernix covers skin, grasp and startle reflexes present

52
Q

week 28

A

nervous system regulates and brain develops rapidly
eyes open
lungs can provide gas exchange
testes descend

53
Q

week 36

A

increase sq fat
less lanugo

54
Q

week 38

A

full term = 37 weeks
vernix in creases and folds only
skin smooth and polished
head bigger than chest

55
Q

ovarian cycle - follicular phase

A

1-14 days
immature follicle matures (FSH)
oocyte grows in follicle
ovum discharged into fimbria of fallopian tube
13 -15 = most fertile

56
Q

ovarian cycle - luteal

A

15 - 28 days
ovum leaves follicle
ovum remains in ampula if fertilized
reach uterus in 72-96 hr after release, then impants into endometrium and secrete hCG
no fert = corpus luteum degen

57
Q

menstrual cycle - mestrual

A

shed endometrial cells
period (2-8 days)
want to know first say

58
Q

menstrual cycle - prolif

A

endo cells enlarge enlarge and thicken (estrogen), peak before ovulation, cervical mucous more elastic, thin, clear (better for sperm motility)

59
Q

menstrual cycle - secretory

A

progesterone causes swelling epithelium, increased uterine vascularity

60
Q

menstrual cycle - ischemic

A

dont implant, estrogen and progesterone decrease, corpus luteum decrease, bleeding -> menstrual

61
Q

vagina

A

muscular membranous tube that connects external genitalia with uterus
birth canal

62
Q

skene’s glands

A

secrete vaginal opening, around urethra

63
Q

hymen

A

thin tissue that surrounds vaginal opening

64
Q

internal os

A

part of cervix closest to uterus

65
Q

external ox

A

part of cervix closest to vagina

66
Q

ovaries

A

have all eggs at birth
release eggs at ovulation
primary source of estrogen and progesterone until placenta takes over

67
Q

bony pelvis

A

support and protect, fixed axis for birth passageway

68
Q

false pelvis

A

support weight of uterus and direct fetus into true pelvis

69
Q

true pelvis: pelvic inlet

A

transition from false to true

70
Q

true pelvis: pelvic cavity

A

curved, baby must be able to adjust

71
Q

true pelvis: pelvic outlet

A

can the baby pass under the pubic arch

72
Q

breasts

A

specialized sebaceous glands that produce milk and protective maternal antibodies
reduction = stimulate!, ducts removed, pump, increase freq
augmentation = probably fine

73
Q

estrogens

A

female characteristics

74
Q

progesterones

A

stabilize uterus, lactation

75
Q

prostaglandins

A

FA that work together to build, relax, constrict smooth muscle and arteries

76
Q

FSH

A

mature egg

77
Q

LH

A

decrease estrogen, progesterone same

78
Q

penis

A

structure with shaft gland, contains urethra

79
Q

fertilization

A

ova: 12-24 hr
sperm: 48-72 but probably only 24

80
Q

embryonic membranes

A

begin to form at time of implantation
protect and support growing fetus

81
Q

ductus venosis

A

help umbilical vein take blood through IVC

82
Q

foramen ovale

A

R to L atrium

83
Q

ductus arteriosis

A

pulmonary artery to aorta

84
Q

embryo

A

until end of 8 weeks

ob - 332 (15 decks)

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