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Bio 140 > Reproductive Cycles > Flashcards

Reproductive Cycles Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Why do female drosophila cannibalize the males?

A

Because their purpose is done

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2
Q

What do you call the storage of sperm in the female drosophila?

A

Spermathica

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3
Q

How long is a drosophila life cycle?

A

10-14 days

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4
Q

How many molting periods does a drosophila have?

A

3

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5
Q

What do you call the period between molting periods?

A

Instar

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6
Q

During what stage is the actively feeding stage of drosophila?

A

Larval stage

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7
Q

What stage is the metamorphosis stage?

A

Pupal stage

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8
Q

What do you call the adult drosophila?

A

Imago or imaginal stage

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9
Q

Why does molting proceed?

A

This is because the exoskeleton does not permit growth

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10
Q

This is the series of development changes in which an insect passes from larval into adult stage

A

Metamorphosis

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11
Q

In drosophila life cycle, when does the most drastic changes occur?

A

Pupal stage

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12
Q

How long does pupation take place?

A

12 hours

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13
Q

In drosophila, this emerges in 6-8 hours and after 8 hours it will become sexually mature

A

Black pupa

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14
Q

What are the phases of gametogenesis?

A

Proliferation, growth, maturation, and differentiation

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15
Q

How does oogenesis take place?

A

2n primary oocyte to 1 haploid secondary oocyte and 1 haploid polar body, resulting to 3 polar bodies and 1 ovum

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16
Q

How does spermatogenesis take place?

A

2n primary spermatocyte to 2 haploid secondary spermatocytes resulting to 4 spermatids

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17
Q

What is the other term for sustentacular cells

A

Sertoli cells

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18
Q

What is the function of the sertoli cells?

A

They function for nourishment of the sperm in the context of mobility and fertilizability

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19
Q

These are compartmentalized in the seminiferous tubules

A

Testes

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20
Q

This is located in between the seminiferous tubules and functions for the release of testosterone

A

Leydig/interstitial cells

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21
Q

These are non-functional that still needs to undergo spermiogenesis

A

Spermatids

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22
Q

This enlarges to become primary spermatocyte

A

Spermatogonium

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23
Q

______ undergoes the first meiotic division to form the secondary spermatocytes containing haploid number of dyads

A

Primary spermatocyte

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24
Q

Secondary spermatocytes undergo the second meiotic division to form the ________

A

Spermatids

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25
Q

Spermatids undergo spermiogenesis to become highly specialized _________

A

Spermatozoa or sperm

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26
Q

Cells located at the _______ of the semeniferous tubules are usually the __________

A

Periphery; spermatogonia

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27
Q

Cells found at the lumen are the developing _______

A

Spermatozoa

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28
Q

This is the ability of the egg to be fertilized, and the sperm to fertilize

A

Fertilizability

29
Q

Sertoli and interstitial cells are not ______

A

Spermatogenic

30
Q

What part of the sperm contains hyroulonic acid?

A

Acrosome

31
Q

What are the parts of the sperm?

A

Head, mid piece, tail

32
Q

What composes the primary egg membrane?

A

Zonal pellucida, corona radiata

33
Q

_______ only occurs during the intrauterine period

A

Proliferation

34
Q

Just before ovulation, the ______________ will complete meiosis 1

A

Primary oocyte

35
Q

What happens to the resulting secondary oocyte?

A

Arrested at metaphase 2

36
Q

What should be the condition for the secondary oocyte to continue with meiosis 2 that would produce the ovum and polar body?

A

When it is fertilized

37
Q

In 1000 eggs, where the 1 egg becomes the graafian follicle, what happens to the 999?

A

They become the bleeding during the menstruation

38
Q

What is the estrous cycle?

A

It is where the female is in heat and is receptive to the male for sexual copulation and where ovulation is induced

39
Q

Ovulation is spontaneous

A

Menstrual cycle

40
Q

What secretes estrogen?

A

Theca lining

41
Q

What is the source of the hormone HCG?

A

Placenta

42
Q

What hormone does the corpus luteum secrets?

A

Progesterone

43
Q

This is the hormone of pregnancy

A

Progesterone

44
Q

What does progesterone do to the body?

A

Increases vascularization and also placidity of the uterus

45
Q

German measles, nicotine, and alcohol are

A

Teratogenic

46
Q

What illness does thalidomide cause?

A

Phocomelia

47
Q

Why was there an increase in phocomelia in the 70s?

A

It was prescribed to pregnant women as sedatives

48
Q

What are the characteristics of phocomelia?

A

Flipper-like, loss of arms and legs

49
Q

What does the microspore mother cell produce through meiosis?

A

4 microspores

50
Q

(Male) What does the 4 microspores produce through mitosis?

A

4 Tube nuclei and 4 generative nucleus (for each microspore)

51
Q

Each of the generative nucleus produces?

A

2 sperm nucleus

52
Q

What does the megaspore mother cell produce through meiosis?

A

4 megaspores

53
Q

From the 4 microspore, 3 dies and the 1 megaspore undergoes mitosis to produce an __________

A

8-nucleated embryo sac

54
Q

From the 8 nucleated embryo sac, what occurs next?

A

3 antipodals, 2 synergids, 2 polar nucleus, 1 egg cell

55
Q

Where does spermatogenesis take place?

A

Seminiferous tubules in the testes

56
Q

Primordial sperm cell

A

Spermatogonia

57
Q

Primodial egg cell

A

Oogonium

58
Q

What do you call the process that spermatids undergo for specialization?

A

Spermiogenesis

59
Q

_______ break free from the sertoli lining into the lumena

A

Sperm cells

60
Q

This connects the yolk sac with the primitive midgut of the developing fetus

A

Omphalomesenteric duct

61
Q

This is adjacent to the endoderm and yolk sac, that forms the heart

A

Splanchnic mesoderm

62
Q

Primordial follicle is composed of

A

Granulosa cells, oocyte

63
Q

Primordial follicles forms the

A

Primary follicle (with zona pellucida)

64
Q

After the primary follicle, what is formed?

A

Secondary follicle with fluid-filled vesicle and theca lining

65
Q

What follows the secondary follicle?

A

Mature follicle with antrum

66
Q

During ovulation, the oocyte is released what forms around it?

A

Corona radiata

67
Q

What happens to the follicle following ovulation?

A

It grows to become the corpus luteum

68
Q

What becomes of the corpus luteum?

A

Corpus albicans

Bio 140 (5 decks)

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