Reproductive Cycles Flashcards
Why do female drosophila cannibalize the males?
Because their purpose is done
What do you call the storage of sperm in the female drosophila?
Spermathica
How long is a drosophila life cycle?
10-14 days
How many molting periods does a drosophila have?
3
What do you call the period between molting periods?
Instar
During what stage is the actively feeding stage of drosophila?
Larval stage
What stage is the metamorphosis stage?
Pupal stage
What do you call the adult drosophila?
Imago or imaginal stage
Why does molting proceed?
This is because the exoskeleton does not permit growth
This is the series of development changes in which an insect passes from larval into adult stage
Metamorphosis
In drosophila life cycle, when does the most drastic changes occur?
Pupal stage
How long does pupation take place?
12 hours
In drosophila, this emerges in 6-8 hours and after 8 hours it will become sexually mature
Black pupa
What are the phases of gametogenesis?
Proliferation, growth, maturation, and differentiation
How does oogenesis take place?
2n primary oocyte to 1 haploid secondary oocyte and 1 haploid polar body, resulting to 3 polar bodies and 1 ovum
How does spermatogenesis take place?
2n primary spermatocyte to 2 haploid secondary spermatocytes resulting to 4 spermatids
What is the other term for sustentacular cells
Sertoli cells
What is the function of the sertoli cells?
They function for nourishment of the sperm in the context of mobility and fertilizability
These are compartmentalized in the seminiferous tubules
Testes
This is located in between the seminiferous tubules and functions for the release of testosterone
Leydig/interstitial cells
These are non-functional that still needs to undergo spermiogenesis
Spermatids
This enlarges to become primary spermatocyte
Spermatogonium
______ undergoes the first meiotic division to form the secondary spermatocytes containing haploid number of dyads
Primary spermatocyte
Secondary spermatocytes undergo the second meiotic division to form the ________
Spermatids
Spermatids undergo spermiogenesis to become highly specialized _________
Spermatozoa or sperm
Cells located at the _______ of the semeniferous tubules are usually the __________
Periphery; spermatogonia
Cells found at the lumen are the developing _______
Spermatozoa
This is the ability of the egg to be fertilized, and the sperm to fertilize
Fertilizability
Sertoli and interstitial cells are not ______
Spermatogenic
What part of the sperm contains hyroulonic acid?
Acrosome
What are the parts of the sperm?
Head, mid piece, tail
What composes the primary egg membrane?
Zonal pellucida, corona radiata
_______ only occurs during the intrauterine period
Proliferation
Just before ovulation, the ______________ will complete meiosis 1
Primary oocyte
What happens to the resulting secondary oocyte?
Arrested at metaphase 2
What should be the condition for the secondary oocyte to continue with meiosis 2 that would produce the ovum and polar body?
When it is fertilized
In 1000 eggs, where the 1 egg becomes the graafian follicle, what happens to the 999?
They become the bleeding during the menstruation
What is the estrous cycle?
It is where the female is in heat and is receptive to the male for sexual copulation and where ovulation is induced
Ovulation is spontaneous
Menstrual cycle
What secretes estrogen?
Theca lining
What is the source of the hormone HCG?
Placenta
What hormone does the corpus luteum secrets?
Progesterone
This is the hormone of pregnancy
Progesterone
What does progesterone do to the body?
Increases vascularization and also placidity of the uterus
German measles, nicotine, and alcohol are
Teratogenic
What illness does thalidomide cause?
Phocomelia
Why was there an increase in phocomelia in the 70s?
It was prescribed to pregnant women as sedatives
What are the characteristics of phocomelia?
Flipper-like, loss of arms and legs
What does the microspore mother cell produce through meiosis?
4 microspores
(Male) What does the 4 microspores produce through mitosis?
4 Tube nuclei and 4 generative nucleus (for each microspore)
Each of the generative nucleus produces?
2 sperm nucleus
What does the megaspore mother cell produce through meiosis?
4 megaspores
From the 4 microspore, 3 dies and the 1 megaspore undergoes mitosis to produce an __________
8-nucleated embryo sac
From the 8 nucleated embryo sac, what occurs next?
3 antipodals, 2 synergids, 2 polar nucleus, 1 egg cell
Where does spermatogenesis take place?
Seminiferous tubules in the testes
Primordial sperm cell
Spermatogonia
Primodial egg cell
Oogonium
What do you call the process that spermatids undergo for specialization?
Spermiogenesis
_______ break free from the sertoli lining into the lumena
Sperm cells
This connects the yolk sac with the primitive midgut of the developing fetus
Omphalomesenteric duct
This is adjacent to the endoderm and yolk sac, that forms the heart
Splanchnic mesoderm
Primordial follicle is composed of
Granulosa cells, oocyte
Primordial follicles forms the
Primary follicle (with zona pellucida)
After the primary follicle, what is formed?
Secondary follicle with fluid-filled vesicle and theca lining
What follows the secondary follicle?
Mature follicle with antrum
During ovulation, the oocyte is released what forms around it?
Corona radiata
What happens to the follicle following ovulation?
It grows to become the corpus luteum
What becomes of the corpus luteum?
Corpus albicans
