Reproductive and Pregnancy Flashcards
What cells in the testes secrete testosterone?
Leydig cells - stimulated by LH
What is ABP and where are they secreted from?
ABP is stimulated by nurse cells. ABP is important to keep testosterone in the testes
What does meiosis 2 result in?
4 spermatids with a haploid number of chromosomes
What is the site of sperm maturation and storage?
The epididymis
What is the role of the seminal vesicles, prostate and bulbourethral glands?
Seminal vesicles: produce alkaline fluid to help survive acidic vaginal environment
Prostate: produces milky acidic fluid
Bulbourethral: become active during arousal. produce an alkaline fluid and lubrication
Where does fertilisation usually occur?
In the ampulla of the uterine tubes
How are ovaries transported into the uterine tubes?
Fimbriae of uterine tubes pulse the ovary into the tube
What occurs during the ovarian cycle?
Follicular phase: primary follicles develop into a graafian follicle
Luteal phase: corpus luteum develops and if doesnt get fertilised it degenerates into a corpus albicans
What occurs during the 3 phases of the uterine cycle?
Menses 0-7: endometrium sheds functional layer
Proliferative Phase 7-14: endometrium restores functional layer
Secretory Phase: endometrial layer secretes hormones and thickens
What causes ovulation?
a large surge of LH
The beginning of the menstrual cycle is characterised by?
Declining levels of oestrogen and progesterone
What are the stages of conceptus development?
Zygote: blastocyst is created and implantation in endometrial layer occurs
Embryo: development of organs, body cavities, limbs and face
Foetus: placenta is fully functional, major period of growth
What is the role of hCG
hCG maintains corpus luteum activity until placenta is fully formed
What hormones does the placenta produce?
progesterone, oestrogen, relaxin and hPL
What causes labour to begin?
When progesterone levels are inhibited and overcome by oestrogen levels.
