reproduction M

Question 1

the 2 components of exocrine testicular function

Answer 1

testicular fluid, sperm (cytogenic)

Question 2

the 2 components of endocrine testicular function

Answer 2

steroid hormones (testosterone, dihydroxytestosterone), peptide hormone (inhibin and activin)

Question 3

part of the testes that regulates body temp

Answer 3

the dartos muscle of the dermis

Question 4

type of tissue of tunica albuginea

Answer 4

dense CT

Question 5

type of tissue of tunica vaginalis

Answer 5

simple squamous (serous lining of tunica albuginea)

Question 6

rete testes

Answer 6

the network of channels carrying testicular fluid from the SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES’ TUBULI RECTI to the EFFERENT DUCTULES

Question 7

cells that produce steroid hormone in the testes

Answer 7

Interstitial Leydig cells

Question 8

the two compartments created by sertoli cells

Answer 8

basal and adlumenal

Question 9

what is the response of sertoli cells to FSH

Answer 9

they express androgen binding receptors to increase the concentration of androgen steroid hormones needed for sperm development

Question 10

two functions of sertoli cells

Answer 10

nutrition and support of spermatogenesis, prevention of immune response to germ cells

Question 11

which part of the seminiferous tubule develops during pubery

Answer 11

myoepithelium

Question 12

the order of development from stem cell to sperm

Answer 12

spermatogonia, Type A dark, Type A pale, Type B progenitor, primary spermatocyte, secondary spermatocyte (1N), spermatid

Question 13

at what development phase do sperm cross the tight junction barrier of the sertoli cells

Answer 13

primary spermatocyte

Question 14

contents of the head region of the sperm

Answer 14

condensed nucleus, acrosome

Question 15

4 regions of the tail of the sperm

Answer 15

neck, middle piece (mitochondria- filled), principal piece (fibrous sheath), end piece

Question 16

what is the architecture of the flagellum

Answer 16

micortubular axoneme (as in cilia)

Question 17

Leydig cells are stimulated by what hormone

Answer 17

LH

Question 18

lining of the straight tubule

Answer 18

mix of (microvillus) simple cuboidal ans sertoli

Question 19

efferent ductules merge to form the epididymus. what are the cell types of the efferent ductules

Answer 19

simple cuboidal (reabsorbs 90 % of the testicular fluid), ciliated columnar (create current)

Question 20

three important functions of the epididymus

Answer 20

STORAGE (12 ft long), transport (smooth muscle), maturation (secretions)

Question 21

cell types of the epididymus AND vas deferens

Answer 21

pseudostratified columnar with stereocilia. epididymus: BASAL and PRINCIPAL cells

Question 22

most defining feature of the vas deferens

Answer 22

three smooth muscle layers (long., cir., long.) necessary for ejaculation

Question 23

beginning and ending structure of the vas deferens

Answer 23

the ductus epididymus, the ampulla

Question 24

what is the purpose of the seminal vesicle

Answer 24

to make the 70% of ejaculate composed of yellow fructose-rich fluid

Question 25

cell types of the seminal vesicle

Answer 25

pseudostratifed columnar with microvilli and a SINGLE FLAGELLUM

Question 26

structure of the prostate gland

Answer 26

3 layers of alveolar glands that have separate ducts to the urethra

Question 27

the 3 layers of prostate glands starting from the periphery

Answer 27

main (largest), submucosal, mucosal

Question 28

prostatic concretions

Answer 28

concentric figures on the lumen made from calcified glycoproteins

Question 29

purpose of the bulbourethral gland (Cowper's)

Answer 29

produces lubricating mucous prior to ejaculation

Question 30

lining of the bulbourethral gland

Answer 30

simple cuboidal to columnar

Question 31

muscle layer of the bulbourethral gland

Answer 31

both types

Question 32

how are the corpora cavernosa different from the corpus spogiosum

Answer 32

they have an incomplete median septum and a VERY thick fibroelastic tunica albuginea

Question 33

erectile tissue definition

Answer 33

large endothelium-lined spaces separated by CT trabeculae and smooth muscle

Question 34

vasculature of the penis

Answer 34

deep and dorsal arteries and deep dorsal vein

Question 35

what initiates the erection

Answer 35

parasympathetic stimulation-> contraction of smooth muscles of the AV shunt -> NO release to dilate helicine arteries

Question 36

what initiates ejaculation

Answer 36

sympathetic stimulation > contraction of gland sm mus -> sphyncter of bladder contracts ->bulbospongiosus mus. spasm at the corpus spongiosum

Question 37

what initiates detumescence

Answer 37

stop of parasym stimulation-> AV shunt opens