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ANA 512 Exam 4 > reproduction F > Flashcards

reproduction F Flashcards

0
Q

beneath the germinal epithelium

A

tunica albuginea dense CT

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1
Q

germinal epithelium

A

simple cuboidal mesothelium lining the ovary

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2
Q

oogonia

A

primordial germ cells - form during first month of gestation in the yolk sac

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3
Q

oogonia proceed by ameboid movement to this region of the embryo

A

the germinal ridges

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4
Q

primary oocytes

A

formed after the final mitosis of oogonia and suspend in prophase meiosis I until ovulation

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5
Q

how do the number of primary oocytes differ throughout a life

A

originally 3 million oogonia become 200,000 primary oocytes in an ovary- of which only 200 get ovulated and the rest undergo atresia

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6
Q

what are the 4 differences between a primary follicle and a primordial follicle

A
  1. larger oocyte 2. zona pellucida made 3. follicular cells become cuboidal from squamous 4. follicular become granulosa
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7
Q

diff between primary and secondary follicle

A

multiple layers granulosa, cortical granules in zona pellucida

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8
Q

preantral cells have these 3 properties that seconday follicles do not share

A
  1. follicular fluid-filled antrum, 2. granulosa makes gap junctions, 3. VASCULAR theca interna, and theca externa
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9
Q

which hormone makes a pre-ovulation surge to separate the oocyte into the follicular fluid

A

LH

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10
Q

the cells that withdraw their processes from the granulosa cells to suspend the oocyte in follicular fluid

A

corona radiata granulosas

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11
Q

the stage which forms a bulge on the ovary prior to ovulation

A

Mature Graafian follicle

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12
Q

cumulus oophorus

A

the connection between corona radiata granulosa and those at the edge of the follicle the may keep the oocyte from going on to second meiosis

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13
Q

avascular region that bulges out during ovulationi

A

stigma

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14
Q

the order of follicle types formed

A

primordial, primary, secondary, preandral, Graafian

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15
Q

what remains behind once the oocyte and follicular fluid are released

A

the granulosa (lutein) and theca (lutein) cells - susceptible to invasion by vessels

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16
Q

how do the functions of the corpus luteum change from their original follicle roles

A

switch from mostly estrogen to mostly progesterone

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17
Q

what is the purpose of the new endocrine function of the corpus luteum

A

to inhibit the pituitary from secreting FSH and LH

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18
Q

corpus luteum of mentruation vs CL of pregnancy

A

after 12 days the CL will degenerate BUT if fertilized, hcg will maintain the CL for 3 months until placenta takes over

19
Q

CORPUS ALBICANS

A

fibrotic corpus luteum that remains for several months before being phagocytosed

20
Q

hilus, epithelioid, and theca interna cell location

A

medulla of ovary

21
Q

non ciliated secretory cells that capacitate the incoming sperm

A

peg cells

22
Q

simple columnar CILIATED cells of the oviduct that beat synchronously in what direction

A

TOWARD the uterus

23
Q

the 4 regions of the oviduct

A

fimbriae/ infundibulum, ambulla (2/3), ishtmus, and interstitial

24
Q

three regions of the uterus from superior to inferior

A

fundus, body, cervix

25
Q

where do ovarian cancers usually originate

A

in the germinal epithelium

26
Q

what type of epithelium lines the uterus

A

simple columnar with epithelial glands

27
Q

the two layers of the endometrium

A

stratum functionale, basale (stem cell layer)

28
Q

arteries of the myometrium, stratum basale, and functionale

A

myometrium: arcuate artery,
basale: straight arteries,
functionale: coiled helical arteries

29
Q

which layer of myometrium contains the arcuate artery

A

middle cicular

30
Q

how does the cervix myometrium differ from the other uertine regions

A

it becomes fibrous CT

31
Q

three phases of mentruation

A

mentrual, proliferative, secretory

32
Q

corpus luteum discontinues progesterone secretion, spiral arteries contract, functionale becomes necrotic and discharged

A

mentrual phase (days 1-4)

33
Q

mentrual flow decreases, re-epithelialization, reconstructed glands, follicular development

A

proliferative phase (4-14)

34
Q

ovulation, high progesterone levels, endometrial thickening, glycogen secreted by glands, helical arteries extend

A

secretory phase (15-28)

35
Q

the two differing epithelia of the cervix

A

lumen side: secretory simple columnar

vaginal side: non-keratinizing stratified squamous

36
Q

lamina propria of the vagina

A

fibroelastic C, transudates

37
Q

muscularis of the vagina

A

smooth muscle intermingles longitudinal and circular. sphynchter of sk. mus. at the opening

38
Q

lactiferous sinus

A

dilation in the lactiferous duct prior to reaching the nipple for milk storage

39
Q

difference between non-lactating and active mammary glands

A

no developed alveoli

40
Q

epithelium of the lactiferous duct connecting the to nipple

A

simple squamous

41
Q

epithelium of the lactiferous duct leading to the sinus

A

simple cuboidal (sinus too!)

42
Q

what cells in the mammary gland become active during pregnancy

A

secretory cuboidal alveoli and stellate myoepithelium

43
Q

colostrum

A

protein-rich fluid stored in the mammary gland until a few days after parturition

44
Q

what hormones enable the transition from colostrum to milk

A

reduced estrogen and progesterone, and increased prolactin

45
Q

the difference in lipid and protein secretion by mammary alveoli

A

lipids: apocrine
proteins: merocrine

ANA 512 Exam 4 (3 decks)

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