Reproduction in Vertebrates (P1 - 5%) Flashcards
1
Q
Fertilisation outside the organism’s body
A
External fertilisation
2
Q
Fertilisation inside the organisms body
A
Internal fertilisation
3
Q
Type of fertilisation mainly occurring in aquatic environments
A
External fertilisation
4
Q
Hermaphrodite organism
A
Having both male and female sex organs
5
Q
Advantages of internal fertilisation
A
- Increased protection of sperm and eggs
- prevents waste of gametes
- specific mate selection (cf. sexual selection in evolution section )
6
Q
Oviparous
A
- Eggs laid outside parents body
- protection by gelatinous mass or shell and membranes
- embryo develops inside egg -egg yolk feeds embryo -offspring hatches
7
Q
Ovoviviparous
A
- Eggs kept inside parents body
- protection by soft shell and membranes
- embryo develops inside egg
- egg yolk feeds embryo
- offspring hatches inside body
- live young born from parent
8
Q
Viviparous
A
- Eggs kept inside body
- protected by uterus and membranes
- embryo develops inside uterus
- mother feeds embryo through placenta and umbilical cord
- pregnancy followed by birth of offspring
- parental care follows e.g. Suckling
9
Q
Amniotic eggs
A
- eggs that have a membrane called the amnion
- surrounds developing embryo of fertilised eggs
- found in reptiles, birds and mammals
10
Q
Function of yolk sac in amniotic egg
A
Source of vitamins, minerals and fats for embryo
11
Q
Function of chalaza in chicken egg
A
- Holds yolk and embryo in place
- Absorbs shock
12
Q
Chorion membrane
A
Encloses and protects the yolk sac and developing embryo
