reproduction/development Flashcards
learn/study
What do the testes produce?
Sperm & testosterone
What is the function of the scrotum?
Temperature regulation, colder by 2-4 degrees
What are the va deferens?
Tubes
What is the urethra?
Tube where sperm exits
What is the penis?
Sexual reproductive organ for internal fertilization
What do the ovaries produce?
Eggs, estrogen, and progesterone
Where does fertilization occur?
Fallopian tubes/Oviducts
What is the function of the uterus?
Where implantation and fetal development occurs
What is the vagina?
Birth canal, where the baby exits
How many phases are in the menstrual cycle?
4 Phases
What happens during the follicular phase?
FSH helps mature the egg
What triggers ovulation?
LH helps release mature egg
What role does progesterone play in the luteal phase?
Helps the thickening of uterine lining
What occurs during menstruation?
Shed uterine lining (when not pregnant)
What is cleavage in embryonic development?
Process in which the zygote goes through mitosis without splitting
What is a blastula?
Hollow ball of cells
What is gastrulation?
Blastula folds
What is differentiation in embryonic development?
Specialization of cells and tissues
What is internal development?
Development occurs inside the female
What is external development?
Development occurs outside the female
Which animals typically exhibit internal development?
Mammals
Which animals typically exhibit external development?
Fish, birds, reptiles
What is the food source for the fetus in internal development?
Placenta allows food to diffuse from mom to fetus
How do waste and nutrients transfer between mother and baby?
Diffuses through placenta
What is the food source for the fetus in external development?
Yolk
What is the amnion/amniotic sac?
Sac containing fluid to protect baby
What provides protection for the embryo in external development?
Shell for protection
What is the role of oxygen in development?
Diffuses in and out
How many trimesters are there in pregnancy?
3 Trimesters
What are the effects of drugs and alcohol during pregnancy?
Negative effects on fetal development
What defines fraternal twins?
2 eggs, 2 sperm
What defines identical twins?
1 egg, 1 sperm (zygote splits)
