Reproduction Cell Division

Question 1

What are the only ways in which new cells can originate?

Answer 1

from other cells by cell divisions such as mitosis or meiosis.

Question 2

The part of the cell-cycle (of ordinary non-sexual) cell division where the nucleus divides is called ___.

Answer 2

Mitosis

Question 3

Chromosomes line up on the spindle during __ of mitosis

Answer 3

Metaphase

Question 4

After interphase and DNA replication, the copies of each chromosome are called ____.

Answer 4

Chromatids

Question 5

Plant cells with large vacuoles divide by forming a structure that bisects the vacuole in a plane called a ___?

Answer 5

Phragmosome

Question 6

In Eukaryotic sexual life cycles, the process by which diploid cells give rise to the haploid cells that will then give rise to gametes is called ___.

Answer 6

Meiosis

Question 7

Cells with only 1 set of chromosomes (1n; homologous chromosomes are not present) are called ____.

Answer 7

Haploid

Question 8

Why did natural selection select strongly for sexual reproduction rather than for asexual propagation in most plant and other Eukaryote species?

Answer 8

sexual reproduction increases genetic variability - thus ensuring that some individuals would probably survive a severe stress and the population would therefore be able to evolve and adapt to stress or change and not go extinct

Question 9

What happens during crossing over?

Answer 9

The homologous chromosomes of each pair ‘trade’ equivalent pieces of DNA, thus increasing genetic variability.

Question 10

What happens during anaphase I?

Answer 10

the pairs of homologous chromosomes separate.