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Vet assistant study > Reproduction and Aging > Flashcards

Reproduction and Aging Flashcards

1
Q

The age or time when the reproductive organs become functional and reproduction may occur

A

Puberty

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2
Q

The release of an egg cell from a follicle to the uterine tubes, where it can be fertilized; once this has occurred, a female can become pregnant

A

Ovulation

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3
Q

The period of development from the time of fertilization until birth

A

Gestation

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4
Q

The process of birth

A

Parturition

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5
Q

A sac of skin on the outside of a male’s body which holds the testes

A

Scrotum

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6
Q

The male gonads, or reproductive glands

A

Testes

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7
Q

An organ of the male reproductive system on the surface of the testes that store sperm while they mature

A

Epididymis

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8
Q

A tube that extends from the end of the epididymis to the eurethra, through which sperm are transported during ejaculation

A

Ductus deferens

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9
Q

The act of mating; also called mounting or copulation

A

Coitus

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10
Q

The fluid released during ejaculation

A

Semen

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11
Q

A temporary storage place for sperm in the male reproductive system

A

Ampula/ampullae

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12
Q

A hormone that stimulates female uterine contractions to help move semen to the uterus

A

Prostaglandin

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13
Q

Substances secreted by various glands in the body which control almost all phases of the reproduction in mammals

A

Hormones

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14
Q

The production of sperm

A

Spermatogenesis

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15
Q

1 of 2 hormones that act on the testes to stimulate production of sperm

A

Follicle-stimulating hormones (FSH)

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16
Q

Called interstitial cell stimulating hormone in males; one of the 2 hormones that act on the testes to stimulate the production of sperm

A

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

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17
Q

A hormone responsible for the production of male secondary sex characteristics; also necessary for sperm production

A

Testosterone

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18
Q

The 1st step in the ejaculatory process, in which blood rushes to the penis and fills caverns within it; causing it to become firm or erect

A

erection

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19
Q

An underdeveloped egg cell

A

Oocyte

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20
Q

A hormone important to reproduction; it’s responsible for giving females their secondary sex characteristics and helps regulate the estrous cycle

A

Estrogen

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21
Q

Structures that connect each ovary to the uterus; also known as oviducts or fallopian tubes

A

Uterine tubes

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22
Q

Finger like projections from the uterine tubes that help catch the ova as they’re released from the overy during

A

Fimbria

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23
Q

A strong muscular organ design to receive a fertilized ovum; it protects and supports the development of a fetus, and aids during the initial stages of birth

A

Uterus

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24
Q

The innermost layer of the uterus

A

Endometrium

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25
Q

An attachment formed from the endometrium to the uterus, which supports a fetus’ need to develop normally

A

Placenta

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26
Q

A muscular structure in the female reproductive system that is the copulatory organ; it also acts as the passage way for a fetus during birth

A

Vagina

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27
Q

A structure in the female reproductive system that connects the vagina to the uterus

A

Cervix

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28
Q

Germ cells in an embryo that develop into either ova or sperm depending on whether the embryo becomes male or female

A

Gametes

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29
Q

The process by which gametes develop into oocytes; the process is completed before or shortly after birth, resulting in a female being born with her full supplied of oocytes

A

Oogenesis

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30
Q

A structure that develops in the follicle during ovulation producing progesterone which is necessary to maintain pregnancy

A

Corpus luteum

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31
Q

The definite physiologic functional rhythm of the reproductive system, which occurs in all females after puberty; commonly known as the heat cycle

A

Estrous cycle

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32
Q

Animals that have one estrous cycle a year; these are usually wild animals

A

Monestrous

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33
Q

Animals that have frequent estrous cycles throughout the year; cows, sows, and mares are examples

A

Polyestrous

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34
Q

Animals that have periodic estrous cycles during certain times of the year only; sheep or an example

A

Seasonal polyestrous

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35
Q

The 1st phase of the estrous cycle, in which the reproductive tract is preparing for bleeding

A

Proestrous

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36
Q

The 2nd phase of the estrus cycle, in which the female displays sexual desire and acceptance of the male; ovulation occurs during this phase

A

Estrus

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37
Q

Also known as diestrus; the third phase of the estrous cycle, in which the corpus luteum grows rapidly after ovulation

A

Metestrus

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38
Q

The final phase of estrous cycle, which is characterized by an inactive reproductive tract and ovaries

A

Anestrus

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39
Q

An animal, generally a female cat, whose body attempts to stay in estrus until it mates

A

Induced ovulator

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40
Q

A reproductive hormone produced by the posterior pituitary; it causes smooth muscles to contract, such as the uterus during birth

A

Oxytocin

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41
Q

A hormone mainly produced by the corpus luteum which is essential for maintaining pregnancy

A

Progesterone

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42
Q

A hormone produced by the ovaries and in the uterus and placenta; in late pregnancy, it relaxes the pelvic ligaments and cervix to allow for birth

A

Relaxin

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43
Q

The Union of an egg and a sperm

A

Fertilization

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44
Q

A process by which sperm achieve the ability to fertilize; this occurs in the uterus or fallopian tubes.

A

Capacitation

45
Q

The ability of sperm to move; important because sperm must travel a long distance in a short time

A

motility

46
Q

An embryo in the later stages of development

A

Fetus

47
Q

Return of the uterus to its non pregnant state

A

Involution

48
Q

A condition in which a female can’t deliver her offspring without outside help

A

Dystocia

49
Q

Areas that produce milk in a female after she gives birth

A

Mammary gland

50
Q

Secretion of milk

A

Lactation

51
Q

A condition that exists from the time of birth

A

Congential

52
Q

A condition in which part of an animal’s reproductive tract doesn’t form completely

A

Hypoplasia

53
Q

The developmental period just after birth, during which the newborn is dependent on its parent(s) for survival

A

Neonatal period

54
Q

The period after adulthood during which body systems begin to decline

A

Aging

55
Q

The practice of medical intervention to extend lifespan; includes vaccination, controlling parasites, maintaining sanitary conditions, and early detection of disease

A

Preventative medicine

56
Q

A condition in which the thyroid is under active

A

Hypothyroidism

57
Q

A non contagious inflammation of the skin, sometimes caused by allergic responses

A

Eczema

58
Q

An irregular abnormal heartbeat

A

Arrhythmia

59
Q

An infection of the uterus common in older dogs

A

Pyometra

60
Q

Thinning of the bones, commonly experienced and older animals

A

Osteopena

61
Q

Ending of life for humane reasons

A

Euthanasia

62
Q

A ticked or tabby pattern in which the color alternates between light and dark

A

Agouti

63
Q

A 2 colored cat

A

Bicolored

64
Q

A non-pedigreed cat usually a short hair not from any particular country

A

Domestic

65
Q

A 3 colored cat

A

Parti-colored

66
Q

A document containing the names, titles, colors, and registration numbers are the 1st 3 to 5 generations of a cat’s family

A

Pedigree

67
Q

A pattern in which a pale body color contrasts with a darker color on a cat’s face, ears, legs and tail

A

Pointed

68
Q

A cat whose ancestors are all of the same breed or allowable outcrosses

A

Purebred

69
Q

An unaltered female cat

A

Queen

70
Q

A cat of one solid color such as black or brown

A

Solid-color

71
Q

A striped color pattern

A

Tabby

72
Q

Each hair is really 2 colors, one lighter and 1 darker

A

Tipped

73
Q

An unaltered male cat

A

Tom

74
Q

Kittens raised in a breeder’s home rather than

A

Underfoot

75
Q

Cats with this pattern are mostly white with patches of color on their heads and tails

A

Van pattern

76
Q

A grayish yellow color

A

Biscuit

77
Q

A white strip that runs up the center of the face usually between the eyes

A

Blaze

78
Q

A dilution of black

A

Blue

79
Q

A color pattern of black splashes or streaks on a blue-gray background

A

Blue merle

80
Q

A diluted black finally mixed with white (black-and-white hairs evenly mixed)

A

Blue roan

81
Q

A tiger striped pattern

A

Brindle

82
Q

A color that ranges from red to cream

A

Buff

83
Q

Cutting the ears to make them stand (prick)up

A

Cropping

84
Q

A mottled coat color pattern

A

Dapple

85
Q

Cutting off part of the tail

A

Docking

86
Q

The extra toe high on the paw

A

Dewclaw

87
Q

Long hairs hanging down from the ears and muzzle

A

Fall

88
Q

A mixture of black or red hairs with white hair

A

Grizzle

89
Q

Irregular white and black patches

A

Harlequin

90
Q

Water (fluid) on the brain

A

Hydrocephalus

91
Q

A deep reddish Brown color

A

Liver

92
Q

A deep reddish Brown color finely mixed with white

A

Liver roan

93
Q

A color pattern of dark blotches against a lighter background

A

Merle

94
Q

Black lines dividing the tan on the toes

A

Pencilling

95
Q

Comparatively large patches of 2 or more colors

A

Piebald

96
Q

Relatively large patches of 2 or more colors

A

Pinto

97
Q

Ears that stand erect

A

Pricked ears

98
Q

Brown and white hairs evenly mixed

A

Red roan

99
Q

An ear in which the bottom part is up while the top part flops over sideways

A

Rose ear

100
Q

Thick, longer hair growth around the neck

A

Ruff

101
Q

Short tail that hangs down or twists in a spiral shape

A

Screw tail

102
Q

A classification for grouping of individuals that have the same biologic characteristics and can inter breed

A

Species

103
Q

Show criteria for each breed (example what the ideal dog of each breed should look like if such an animal existed)

A

Standard

104
Q

A sunken-in back

A

Swayback

105
Q

A miniature version of a particular breed

A

Teacup

106
Q

A tuft of longer hair on the top of the head

A

Topknot

107
Q

Black spots on the front of ankles

A

Thumb marks

108
Q

A dark line that runs along a pug’s spine

A

Trace

109
Q

Color of ripening wheat

A

Wheaten

Vet assistant study (5 decks)

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