Reproduction Flashcards
function of FSH in men
causes spermatogenesis in testes
function of LH in men
causes testosterone secretion by the testes
function of FSH in women
causes follicle growth and oestrogen secretion
function of LH in women
causes ovulation, and causes corpus luteum to make progesterone
how does oestrogen influence LH release?
oestrogen causes high freq pulsation of GnRH, stimulating LH release (surge!!)
how does progesterone influence FSH release?
progesterone causes low freq pulsation of GnRH, stimulating FSH release
how soon after the LH surge is ovulation?
about 34 hours
true or false: oestrogen causes
- thinner vaginal wall
- fertile fluid
- increased vaginal pH
False - thickened wall
True - thin cervical mucus
False - decreased pH, more lactic acid
does LH bind to theca or granulosa cells?
theca
FSH causes progesterone formation - T / F ?
FSH causes oestrogen
LH causes progesterone
effects of progesterone on…
- smooth muscle
- body temperature
- endometrium
relaxes muscle
increases temp
thickens the enodetrium
what genetic abnormality causes amenorrhea?
Turners
high levels of what hormone in the blood causes secondary amenorrhea?
Hyperprolactinaemia
wtf is Hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism.. ?
type 1 - hypothalamic pituitary failure.
oligomenohea occurs in hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism - true?
false - always amenorrhea
what is more common - hypothalamic pituitary failure or dysfunction?
dysfunction = 85%
treatment option for premature ovarian failure?
HRT - not that successful
what hormone causes PCOS?
Excess LH !!
leads to excess androgens and insulin resistance
what “C.C” is first line treatment of PCOS?
Clomifene Citrate
what is a downside of clomifene citrate?
20% of women are resistant to it
what is 2nd line treatment for PCOS?
Daily injection of gonadotrophins - directly stimulate the ovaries
what is a risk of gonadotrophin injection for infertility in PCOS?
higher risk of twins
what surgery can be attempted to combat infertility in PCOS?
Laproscopic ovarian diathermy
is metformin effective in PCOS?
yes!!
can stimulate ovulation and help with androgen symptoms as well as insulin resistance
sperm are made in….
- Leydig cells
- Sertoli cells
- seminiferous tubules
seminiferous tubules
Sertoli cells are part of this but they only make ABG
how and when is testosterone made?
when LH binds to Leydig cells causing cholesterol conversion –> T
90% of testosterone is taken up by Sertoli cells - what action does it have?
causes release of mature sperm from sertoli
What controls the BTB?
blood testes barrier controlled by TESTOSTERONE AND FSH
where are Leydig cells ?
interstitial - between the seminiferous tubules
