Reproduction Flashcards
What is reproduction?
Reproduction is how organisms produce offsprings.
What are two types of reproduction?
Asexual
Sexual
What is asexual reproduction?
Asexual reproduction is the process of forming a new individual from a single parent.
What is sexual reproduction?
Sexual reproduction is the process of forming a new individual from TWO parents
Asexual reproduction requires how many parents?
1 parent
Each offspring is genetically identical to each other and the parent
True
What and what reproduced asexually? 1 example of each of them
Prokaryotes (bacteria) and eukaryotes (yeast) reproduce asexually
Types of asexual reproduction
Binary Fission
Fragmentation/Regeneration
Budding
Parthenogenesis
What is binary fission? What is an example?
Binary fission is a parent cell that simply splits into two daughter cells [bacteria]
What is Fragmentation/Regeneration? What is an example?
A piece that breaks off from a parent organism and develops into a new organism [sea stars]
What is budding? What is an example?
A parent cell forms a bud, which breaks away from the parent after it develops [yeast]
What is parthenogenesis?
An egg that develops into an embryo without it being fertilized by sperm.
How many organisms are involved in sexual reproduction?
TWO parents
What is something each parent contributes?
A gamete
What is a gamete?
A sex cell
What do the gametes have?
Each parent contributes a gamete that has half of the DNA of a regular body cell.
Where are the gametes in males?
The sperm
Where are the gametes in females?
The egg
When 2 gametes combine, what is the result?
A zygote; When 2 gametes combine the result is a zygote which then continues to to develop into an embryo.
Advantages of SEXUAL reproduction?
- Produces variation in offspring
- If the environment changes variation gives a survival advantage by natural selection
- Natural selection can be speeded up by humans in selective breeding to increase food production.
Advantages of ASEXUAL reproduction?
- Only one parent needed
- Faster than sexual reproduction
- More time and energy efficient as do not need to find a mate
- Many identical offspring can be produced when conditions are favorable
Can plants reproduce sexually?
Yes they can but their reproductive organs are different from those of animals
Flowering plants have reproductive parts in their flower true or false?
True
Where is the sperm located in a flower?
The sperm is contained in the pollen
Where is the egg located in a flower?
It is found in the ovary which is found within the flower
When the sperm reaches the egg in the ovary what occurs? [In a plant]
Fertilization
The ovary then develops into a _____ which contains the seeds that have the _______ information to create more of the plant under favorable conditions
Fruit; genetic
