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Biology S1 > Reproduction > Flashcards

Reproduction Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Asexual Reproduction?

A
  • involves only one parent
  • offspring are genetically identical to the parent
  • therefore, there in NO VARIATION
  • e.g. star fish or amoeba
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2
Q

What is sexual reproduction

A
  • involves two parents
  • offspring are a genetic combination of the two parents
  • This produces VARIATION which allows the species to adapt and survive major changes (e.g) disease, climate change)
  • e.g. Humans, mice and fish
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3
Q

Testis

A

Production of sperm

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4
Q

Scrotum

A

Holds testes away from the body (lower temperature for better sperm production)

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5
Q

Sperm duct

A

Connects testis to urethra

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6
Q

Urethra

A

Expel sperm or urine from penis

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7
Q

Glands

A

Add fluid to the sperm

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8
Q

Penis

A

Deliver sperm into the vagina

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9
Q

What are the male sex cells?

A

Sperm

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10
Q

What are the female sex cells?

A

Eggs

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11
Q

Ovary

A

Production of eggs

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12
Q

Oviduct

A

Connects ovary to uterus

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13
Q

Uterus

A

Lining to receive the fertilised egg

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14
Q

Vagina

A

Receives the sperm

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15
Q

Where does fertilisation occur?

A

Oviduct

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16
Q

What is fertilisation?

A

Fertilisation is when the stern nucleus and the egg nucleus fuse together to form the zygote

17
Q

What happens after fertilisation?

A

The zygote begins to divide. One cell becomes two when then becomes four and so on. This ball of cells is known as the embryo. The embryo travels to the uterus and implants in the thickened wall of the uterus. Here the egg receives all the nutrients it needs to grow.

18
Q

After implanting in the uterus wall, what will the embryo have to receive?

A

Nutrients and oxygen from the mother

19
Q

What is the role of the placenta?

A

The placenta is an organ which allows the blood supplies of the mother and the embryo come very close together but not in contact.

20
Q

What is the amniotic sac?

A

A Structure which contains the amniotic fluid and developing embryo

21
Q

What is the amniotic fluid?

A

Fluid which cushions and protects developing embryo from sudden shocks and bumps.

22
Q

What is the umbilical cord?

A

A cord which attaches the developing embryo to the placenta.

23
Q

What is the placenta?

A

An organ which allows exchange of materials between the mother and embryo.

24
Q

Name harmful substances that can have severe consequences for the development and safety of the baby

A

Alcohol, nicotine and other drugs can also cross the placenta.

25
Q

Name two waste products that are passed from the embryo to the mother

A

Carbon dioxide and urea

Biology S1 (2 decks)

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