Reproduction

Question 1

increased maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein screening

Answer 1

open neural tube defects

ventral wall defects

multiple gestation

meningocele

myelomeningocele

myeloschisis

Question 2

open neural tube defects

Answer 2

anencephaly

open spina bifida

Question 3

ventral wall defects

Answer 3

omphalocele

gastrochisis

Question 4

decreased maternal serum alpha fetoprotein

Answer 4

aneuploidies

(trisomy 18, 21)

Question 5

anencephaly

Answer 5

failure of rostral neuropore to close–> no forebrain, open calvarium

polyhydraminos present because there is no swallowing center

Question 6

spina bifida occulta

Answer 6

failure of caudal neuropore to close, but no herniation

usually lower vertebral levels

dura is intact

associated with tuft or hair or skin dimple at level of bony defect

Question 7

meningocele

Answer 7

meninges (but no neural tissue) herniate through bony defect

Question 8

myelomeningocele

Answer 8

meninges and neural tissues herniate through bony defect

Question 9

myeloschisis

Answer 9

exposed, unfused neural tissue without skin/meningeal covering