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FA - Reproductive > Repro - Anatomy (Gonadal Drainage & Female Reproductive Anatomy) > Flashcards

Repro - Anatomy (Gonadal Drainage & Female Reproductive Anatomy) Flashcards

Pg. 563-564 in First Aid 2014 Pg. 514-515 in First Aid 2013 Sections include: -Gonadal drainage -Female reproductive anatomy -Female reproductive epithelial histology -Female sexual response cycle

1
Q

What is the venous drainage route of the left ovary/testis?

A

Left ovary/testis –> left gonadal vein –> left renal vein –> IVC

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2
Q

What is a commonality in venous drainage shared between the ovary/testis and adrenal?

A

Left ovary/testis –> left gonadal vein –> left renal vein –> IVC; Just as the left adrenal vein drains to the left renal vein before the IVC (not happen for right ovary/testis or adrenal)

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3
Q

What is the venous drainage route of the right ovary/testis?

A

Right ovary/testis –> right gonadal vein –> IVC

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4
Q

On which side is a varicocele more common, and why?

A

Because the left spermatic vein enters the left renal vein at a 90 degrees angle, flow is less continuous on the left than on the right –> left venous pressure > right venous pressure –> varicocele more common on the left

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5
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the ovaries/testes?

A

Ovaries/testes –> para-aortic lymph nodes

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6
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the distal vagina/vulva/scrotum?

A

Distal vagina/vulva/scrotum –> superficial inguinal nodes

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7
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the proximal vagina/uterus?

A

Proximal vagina/uterus –> obturator, external iliac, and hypogastric nodes

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8
Q

What is another name for the infundibulopelvic ligament? What structures does it connect? What structures does it contain?

A

Suspensory ligament of the ovaries; Connects ovaries to lateral pelvic wall; Contains ovarian vessels

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9
Q

What structures does the cardinal ligament connect? What structures does it contain?

A

Connects cervix to side wall of pelvis; Contains uterine vessles

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10
Q

What is ligated during oophorectomy, and why?

A

Ligate vessels (ovarian vessels contained in infudibulopelvic ligament) during oophorectomy to avoid bleeding

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11
Q

What ligament contains ovarian vessels? What structure is at risk of injury during ligation of ovarian vessels? Briefly describe the course of this structure.

A

Infudibulopelvic ligament; Ureter courses retroperitoneally, close to gonadal vessels. At risk of injury during ligation of ovarian vessels.

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12
Q

What ligament contains uterine vessels? What structure is at risk of injury during ligation of uterine vessels in hysterectomy?

A

Cardinal ligament; Ureter at risk of injury during ligation of uterine vessels in hysterectomy

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13
Q

What structures does the round ligament of uterus connect?

A

Connects uterine fundus to labia majora

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14
Q

Of what is the round ligament of the uterus a derivative?

A

Derivative of gubernaculum

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15
Q

Where does the round ligament travel? What structure is it found above?

A

Travels through round inguinal canal; Above the artery of Sampson; Think: “Round ligament travels through round inguinal canal”

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16
Q

What structures does the broad ligament connect? What structures does it contain?

A

Connects uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries to pelvic side wall; Contains ovaries, fallopian tubes, and round ligaments of uterus

17
Q

What are the components of the broad ligament?

A

Mesosalpinx, mesometrium, and mesovarium are the components of the broad ligament

18
Q

What structures does the ovarian ligament connect?

A

Connects medial pole of ovary to lateral uterus; Think: “ovarian Ligament Latches to Lateral uterus”

19
Q

Of what is the ovarian ligament a derivative? What other ligament shares this origin?

A

A derivative of the gubernaculum; Round ligament of uterus

20
Q

Draw a sagittal view of the female reproductive system, labeling the following: (1) Ovary (2) Rectum (3) Vagina (4) Urethra (5) Labia majora (6) Labia minora (7) Bladder (8) Round ligament of the uterus (9) Uterus (10) Fallopian tube.

A

See p. 563 in First Aid 2014 or p. 515 in First Aid 2013 for saggital view on right

21
Q

Draw a posterior view of the female reproductive system, labeling the following: (1) Mesosalpinx (of broad ligament) (2) Mesovarium (of broad ligament) (3) Ovarian ligament (4) Fundus (5) Ovarian artery (6) Endometrium (7) Myometrium (8) Uterine artery (9) Fornix (10) Os (11) Vagina (12) Cervix (13) Uterosacral ligament (14) Ureter (15) Mesometrium (of broad ligament) (16) Ovary (17) Fimbriae (18) Infundibulopelvic ligament (19) Fallopian tube.

A

See p. 563 in First Aid 2014 or p. 515 in First Aid 2013 for posterior view on left

22
Q

What kind of histology is associated with tissue of the vagina?

A

Stratified squamous epithelium, nonkeratinized

23
Q

What kind of histology is associated with tissue of the ectocervix?

A

Stratified squamous epithelium, nonkeratinized

24
Q

What kind of histology is associated with tissue of the endocervix?

A

Simple columnar epithelium

25
Q

What kind of histology is associated with tissue of the transformation zone? What is the clinical significance of this zone?

A

Squamocolumnar junction (most common area for cervical cancer)

26
Q

What kind of histology is associated with tissue of the uterus?

A

Simple columnar epithelium with long tubular glands

27
Q

What kind of histology is associated with tissue of the fallopian tube?

A

Simple columnar epithelium, many ciliated cells, a few secretory (peg) cells

28
Q

What kind of histology is associated with tissue of the Ovary, outer surface? What is this outer surface called?

A

Simple cuboidal epithelium (germinal epithelium covering surface of ovary)

29
Q

What is the most common area for cervical cancer? What kind of histology does this area have?

A

Transformation zone; Squamocolumnar junction

30
Q

What kinds and relative numbers of cells are found in the Fallopian tube?

A

Many ciliated cells, a few secretory (peg) cells

31
Q

What are the phases of the female sexual response cycle?

A

Most commonly described as phase of (1) excitement (uterus elevates, vaginal lubrication), (2) plateau (expansion of inner vagina), (3) orgasm (contraction of uterus), and (4) Resolution

32
Q

What mediates the female sexual response cycle?

A

Mediated by autonomic nervous system

33
Q

What physiological changes occur in the female sexual response excitement phase?

A

Uterus elevates, vaginal lubrication

34
Q

What physiological change occurs in the female sexual response plateau phase?

A

Expansion of inner vagina

35
Q

What physiological change occurs in the female sexual response orgasm phase?

A

Contraction of uterus

36
Q

What are 2 non-sexual physiological changes generally caused by the female sexual response cycle?

A

Also causes tachycardia and skin flushing

FA - Reproductive (18 decks)

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