Repro Anatomy Flashcards
Which bone of the pelvis is most different between males and females?
Pubis, look at the pubic arch
What nerve wraps around the ischial spine?
Pudendal nerve
What group of muscles attaches to the ischial tuberosity?
Hamstrings
Name the joints of the pelvis.
sacroiliac
hip joint
pubic symphysis
What feature helps to stabilise the sacroiliac joints?
interosseous ligaments
What sort of joint is the pubic symphysis?
Secondary cartilaginous
Where would you palpate the PSIS?
in line with S2, dimples in your back at the bottom of your spine
What ligament runs between the ASIS and pubic tubercle?
Inguinal ligament
Where would you palpate the ischial spines during a vaginal exam?
a finger breadth into the vagina at 4 and 8 o’clock positions
Which ligaments help form the greater and lesser sciatic foraminae?
sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments
When do the sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments relax?
During late pregnancy
What structure makes up the floor of the pelvic cavity?
Pelvic diaphragm (levator ani)
When might a fracture of the acetabulum occur?
Jump from height
What term refers to the movement of bones in the fetal skull that allows the head to pass through the pelvis during labour?
Moulding
What names are given to the two holes in the foetal skull?
anterior and posterior fontanelle
Is AP or transverse diameter wider at the pelvic inlet?
transverse
Is AP or transverse diameter wider in the foetal skull?
AP
Which 4 bones make up the pelvis?
2 innominate bones
Sacrum
Pelvis
Which bones are fused to form the innominate bones?
ilium
ischium
pubis
What 2 structures does the inguinal ligament run between?
ASIS
pubic tubercle
Is AP or transverse diameter wider at the pelvic outlet?
AP
What way should a baby ideally be facing when it enters the pelvis?
left or right
What way should a baby ideally be facing when it leaves the pelvis
Occipitoanterior
Station refers to the location of the baby in the pelvis in regards to which anatomical landmarks?
Ischial spines
Should a baby’s neck be flexed or extended when it enters the pelvis?
flexed
Should a baby’s neck be flexed or extended for delivery?
extended
Which female reproductive organs are contained in the pelvic cavity?
ovaries
fallopian tubes
uterus
superior part of vagina
Which female reproductive organs are contained in the perineum?
inferior part of vagina perineal muscles bartholins glands clitoris labia
What pouches are formed by the draping of parietal peritoneum over the pelvic viscera?
vesicouterine pouch
retouterine pouch
Which uterine ligament is formed from a double layer of peritoneum?
broad ligament
Which uterine ligament is formed from an embryological remnant?
round ligament
What names are given to the three parts of the broad ligament?
mesosalpinx
mesovarium
mesometrium
Name the three layers of the body of the uterus.
perimetrium
myometrium
endometrium
Which ligament anchors the uterus to the sacrum?
uterosacral ligament
What is the most common position for the uterus to be in?
anteverted and anteflexed
Which structures in the female reproductive system create a communication between the genital tract and the peritoneal cavity?
fimbriae of the the fallopian tubes
Which hormones are secreted by the ovaries?
oestrogen and progesterone
Where do the ovaries develop?
posterior abdominal wall
Which spinal nerve roots give rise the nerve to levator ani?
S 3, 4 and 5
What name is given to the bundle of collagenous and elastic tissue to which the perineal muscles attach?
perineal body
