Replication of telomeres in eukaryotes

Question 1

telomeres

Answer 1

emds of linear chromosomes

Question 2

DNA pol only added nucelotides to thhe

Answer 2

3’ end of a growing chain. when linear chromosome replacates, resulting daughter molecules will each have an RNA primer left over at the 5’ end. Thisrna primer is removed, leaving a ssDNA segment

Question 3

what happens if the ssDNA segment where RNA primer is removed if it is not fixed

Answer 3

ssDNA region will get degraded, and the linear chromosome will get shorter with each round of DNA replication

Question 4

telomerase fn

Answer 4

enzyme that maintains ends of chromosomes by adding telomeres to ends

Question 5

telomerase structure

Answer 5

ribonucleoprotein (has RNA molecule) wich adds tandem repeats to 3’ end of chromosome using an RNA molecule as a template. add it has added many telomeric repeats and left, a new DNA molecule is made starting from a new RNA primer which is removed but chromosome is already extended

Question 6

absence of telomerase activity in cells correalted with

Answer 6

senescence of cells (dire after certain cell division)

Question 7

enhanced telomerase activity is correlated with

Answer 7

cell immortality

Question 8

short telemerses undergo fewer doublings that

Answer 8

ones with long telomerse

Question 9

why do most somatic cells not have active telomerases

Answer 9

divide only 20-60 times, cellular senescence mechanism that protects organism from cancer

Question 10

sperm cells, stem cells and unicellular eukaryote, cancer cells have what kind of telomeres

Answer 10

active and stable