Replication of DNA

Question 1

The DNA in the chromosomes carries our two functions:

Answer 1

1. It reproduces itself. This process is called REPLICATION.
2. Supplies the information necessary to make all the RNA and proteins in the body, including enzymes.

Question 2

The area where DNA replication takes place. ORIGIN OF REPLICATION.

Answer 2

Replication Fork

Question 3

It is a strand where it replicates CONTINUOUSLY.

Answer 3

Leading Strand

Question 4

A strand where it replicates DISCONTINOUSLY forming short fragments.

Answer 4

Lagging Strand

Question 5

Additional Info:

The sequence of DNA that is copied during the synthesis of mRNA.

Answer 5

Template Strand

Question 6

Additional Info:

Are the short lengths of DNA that are produced by the discontinuous replication of the lagging strand.

Answer 6

Okazaki Fragments

Question 7

Distinct STEPS in the Replication of DNA.

Answer 7

1. Opening up of the superstructure of the chromosomes.
2. Relaxation of Higher-Order Structures of DNA.
3. Replication of DNA molecules starts with the unwinding of the double helix.
4. Primers/Primases
5. DNA Polymerase
6. Ligation

Question 8

This reaction eliminates some of the positive charges on histones and weakens the strength of the DNA-histone interaction.

Answer 8

Acetylation-deacetylation

Question 9

Also called Gyrases

Answer 9

Tropoisomerases

Question 10

Causes the separation of the double helix.

Answer 10

Helicases

Question 11

The Okazaki fragments and any nicks remaining are eventually joined by _________.

Answer 11

DNA Ligase

Question 12

Synthesizes short olingonucleotides (primers)

Answer 12

Primase

Question 13

Allows the leading strand to be threaded through.

Answer 13

Clamp Protein

Question 14

Joins the assembled nucleotides.

Answer 14

DNA Polymerase