Repiratory System

Question 1

Atrophic rhinitis progressive ?

Answer 1

Pasteurella multocida
Wpithelial hyperplasia
Glandular atrophy
Malformation of nasal bones

Question 2

Atrophic rhinitis non-progressive

Answer 2

Bordetella bronchioseptica

Question 3

Non prog atrophic rhinitis

Answer 3

Bordetella bronchioseptica
Mucosal oedema
Resorption of turbinates
Loss of cilia

Question 4

Ethmoid hematoma

Answer 4

Repeated hemorrhage in sub mucosal tissues

Question 5

Gutteal pouch mycosis

Answer 5

Aspergillus - fibrinous inflammation
Erodes underlying tissue carotid artery -epistaxis.

Empyaena puss in gp
Bacterial infection

Question 6

Nasal bot fly larvae

Answer 6

Oestrus ovis

Question 7

Agonal emphysema

Answer 7

Gasping for breath before death

Ruminate recumbent before death (ruminate pressure on lungs)

Question 8

Agonal aspiration

Answer 8

Grenis colour

rumen content into cranial lung lobe

Question 9

Hypostasis

Answer 9

Recumbent before death

Question 10

Aspiration of blood

Answer 10

Checkerboard appearance
Stunned with bolt
Throat cut

Question 11

Blood leakage from nose .
Autolysis of nasal vessles
Anthrax
Gastric acids erode epithellium

What is the term for this

Answer 11

Epistaxis

Question 12

Atelactasis congenital?

Answer 12

Complete failure to breath
Defective production of alveolar type 2 cela
Neonatal hyaline membrane disease (foals(
Barkers
Prolonged survival lead to hypoxic brain injury (wanders))

Question 13

Atelcatasis partial congenital

Weaker than normal respiratory effort causes?

Answer 13

Injury to respiratory centre in brain stem
Laryngeal dysfunction
Amniotic fluid in lungs

Question 14

Acquired congenital atelactasis

Obstructive or pressure ? Describe

Answer 14

Pressure
Pressure in king parenchyma
Hydrothorax haemothorax

Obstructive

Destruction of airway - obstruction of lumen (educate,parasites, neoplasms, abscesses foreign matter)

Question 15

Pneumothorax dds

Answer 15

Trauma 
Lung puncture
Rupture of emphysematous bulla
Perforation of trachea
Diaphragm rupture

Question 16

Emphysema is the permanent enlargement of airspace distal to the terminal bronchi with destruction if the alveolar walls .
Name the two types

Answer 16

Alveolar
Rib impressions due to expansion of lung.

Interstitial cause d by pressure abdominal content

Cattle have well developed interlobular septae

Question 17

What does emphysema cause

Answer 17

Fog fever
Toxic plants
Heaves in horses

Question 18

What is Bronchopneumonia

Answer 18

Inflammation of the lung

Question 19

What are the dds for a red lung

Answer 19

Atelactasis 
Hyperaemia 
Hemorrhage 
Aspirated blood 
Bronchopneumonia

Question 20

What bacteria can be inhaled to cause bronchopneumonia

Answer 20

Pasteurella

Manhaemia

Question 21

Outcomes if bronchopneumonia

Answer 21

Death 
Pulmonary abscess 
Pleuritis and pericarditis 
Septicaemia 
Stress zoo epidimicus

Question 22

Lesions for bronchopneumonia where ?

Answer 22

Cranioventral

Question 23

Name the stages of Bronchopnemonia

Answer 23

Stages of hyperkalemia
Red stage
Grey stage of consolidation
Resolution

Question 24

Embolic pneumonia

Answer 24

Bacterial emboli trapped in lung capillaries (interstisl pneumonia)
Small white foci surrounded by blood
Form abscess rarely fatal
Rhidococcus equi

Question 25

Granumomatous pneumonia

Answer 25

``` Chronic Mycobacterium Actinobacillus Actinomyces Fungal histoplasma ```

Question 26

Interstitial pneumonia

Answer 26

Haematogenous-salmonella toxoplasma lung worms Acute exudate stage (injury to type 1 alveolar cells,exuidation into alveolar space hyaline membranes formed line alveoli You also get the proliferative stage

Question 27

Neoplasms of the lung

Answer 27

``` Papillary adenoma Bronchial glad adenoma Bronchogenic carcinoma Bronchioalveolar carcinoma/adenoma Squamous cell carcinoma ```

Question 28

Bronchiectasis

Answer 28

Permanent dilation if the bronchi | Due to chronic bronchitis

Question 29

Bronchiostenosis

Answer 29

Narrowing of lumen | Tumours abscess lung worm

Question 30

Bronchitis

Answer 30

Descending infection Aerogejous origin Bronchioles filled with mucous Hyperplasia if goblet cells

Question 31

Bronchiolitis

Answer 31

Allergy COPD eosinophils | Viral eH4-petechiae ecchymosis serisanguijeus hydrothorax

Question 32

Emboli

Answer 32

``` Pulmonary thromboembolism - long term iv catheter hypercoaguable states Septic- bacterial endocarditis Tumour emboli- melanoma Haemangiosarcoma Osteosarcoma ```

Question 33

Exercise induced pulmonary edema

Answer 33

Racehorses Epistaxis Die acutely Caud dorsal region in lungs blood

Question 34

Brisket oedema

Answer 34

``` Hypoxia due to high altitude Pulmonary vasoconstriction Increase pulmonary vascular resistance Pulmonary hypertension Chf Increased vasculature permeability Pulmonary oedema ```

Question 35

High protein oedema

Answer 35

``` Damage to type 2 alveolar cells and capillary endothelium Rapid Causes Heartwater Gousiejte Fog fever Shock Hypoproteinsemia Hs ```

Question 36

Cardiogenic pulmonary oedema

Answer 36

Chf Interstitial and lymphatic fluid Increased capillary hydrostatic pressure Raised interstitial pressure due t gravity Slow Low protein

Question 37

Low protein which type of oedema

Answer 37

Cardiogenic

Question 38

High protein oedema causes

Answer 38

``` Heart water Gousiekte Fog fever Shock Hypoproteinemia ```