Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone Cascade (E1) Flashcards

1
Q

Angiotensinogen + Renin =

A

Angiotensin I

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2
Q

Where is renin synthesized and stored?

A

Juxtaglomerular (JG) cells of the kidney

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3
Q

What causes renin to be released from the kidney?

A

A drop in blood pressure or fluid volume

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4
Q

By what 3 mechanisms do JG cells release renin in response to falling arterial pressure?

A

1) Pressure-sensitive baroreceptors
2) Decreased NaCl delivery to macula-dense cells
3) Increased sympathetic nervous system activity (activates beta-adrenergic receptors)

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5
Q

Angiotensin I + Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) =

A

Angiotensin II

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6
Q

How does angiotensin II affect blood vessels?

A

By stimulating vasoconstriction

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7
Q

How does angiotensin II act on the adrenal gland?

A

Angiotensin II stimulates the adrenal gland to release aldosterone

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8
Q

How does aldosterone act on the kidneys?

A

Aldosterone stimulates reabsorption of salt and water

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9
Q

How does the RAAS relate to cardiac output?

A

Normal resting cardiac output is 4-6 L/min. RAAS activation, often driven by decreased blood volume, leads to vasoconstriction and fluid retention, which can increase cardiac output

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10
Q

What is the relationship between RAAS and exercise?

A

Exercise increases the responsiveness of beta-andrenergic receptors, which increases sympathetic nervous system response, a known mechanism for causing JG cells to release renin, allowing the cascade to occur as usual

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