Renewal 2022 Flashcards
How often are AIP amendments issued a year
There are 6 scheduled amendments to the AIP in each calendar year
How often are AIP Supplements issued
Every 28 days
Weather reports in °T
METAR/METAR AUTO
SPECI
TREND
TAF
VOLMET
AAW
Weather reports in °M
ATIS
TAKE OFF/LANDING REPORTS
Weather reports with cloud in feet AAL
METAR/METAR AUTO
SPECI
TREND
TAF
VOLMET
ATIS
TAKE OFF/LANDING REPORTS
Weather reports with cloud heights in feet AMSL
GRAFOR
Archer Fuel tank capacity + unusable
Capacity: 188L
Usable: 90L/tank
Burn rate 38L/hour
Descent below DA, DH or MDA - Aircraft position
The aircraft is continuously in a position from which a descent to a landing on the intended runway can be made at a normal rate of descent using normal manoeuvres that will allow a touchdown to occur within the touchdown zone of the runway of intended landing
Descent below DA, DH, MDA - Circling approach
On a circling approach, maintain the aircraft within the appropriate circling area
Descent below DA, DH, MDA - Flight visibility
The flight visibility is not less than the visibility prescribed for the instrument approach being used
Descent below DA, DH or MDA - visual references for the intended landing runway is distinctly visible and identifiable to the pilot
The approach lighting system
The threshold markings
The threshold lights
The runway-end identification lights
The visual approach slope indicator
The touchdown zone or touchdown zone markings
The runway lights
Aircraft Category speed is calculated by:
Vat = IAS at the threshold
Vat = 1.3 x Vs0
Vs0 = stall speed in the landing configuration at max landing weight
Aircraft category Vat speeds
Cat A: Less than 91kts
Cat B: 91kts - 120kts
Cat C: 121kts - 140kts
Cat D: 141kts - 165kts
Cat E: 166kts - 210kts
Cat A range of initial approach speeds
90-150kts
(110kts max speed reversal procedure)
Cat A speeds range of final approach speeds
70 - 100kts
Cat A max speeds for visual manoeuvring
100kts
Cat A max speed for missed approach
110kts
Cat A max IAS for turns during the SID, assuming an average bank angle of 15°
Cat A: 120kts
Cat A max speed for holding patterns
14,000ft and below: 170kts
14,000ft - 20,000ft: 240kts
20,001ft - 34,000ft: 265kts
Above 34,000ft: M0.83
IFR COMMS Failure General
- Maintain terrain clearance
- Transponder 7600
- Try alternate secondary plu listed ATS frequency
- Check COMM equipment
- Listen to ATIS if possible
- Transmit position report (prefix call with ‘transmitting blind’)
- Turn on landing lights, beacons and strobes
- Call Control or INFO
- If destination within an MBZ, proceed to an alternate aerodrome unless the risk is greater than continuing
COMMS Failure - VMC and certain of maintaining VMC
- remain in VMC
- continue the flight under VFR
- proceed to a suitable aerodrome and land
- report arrival by the most expeditious means to the appropriate ATS unit
COMMs Failure - IMC or uncertain of maintaining VMC
Depends on the latest info available on the:
- destination aid
- air traffic/airspace procedures
- met conditions enroute and at the destination
The pilot should proceed in accordance with the current flight plan as confirmed by the last acknowledged ATC clearance. ATC will assume that the aircraft will climb to the:
- flight planned level
The last level requested by the pilot and acknowledged by ATC
COMMs Failure - Departure: Level Instructions
The pilot of an IFR aircraft that experiences comms failure on departure should:
- maintain the key assigned level(a) to the point specified, then climb to maintain the level(s) in the current flight plan; or
- if no points are specified, maintain the last assigned level, or minimum flight altitude, if higher, for 5 minutes , then climb to maintain the level(s) specified in the current flight plan
COMMs failure - departure: radar vectors
- maintain the last assigned vector for 2 minutes, and climb to MSA if necessary to maintain terrain clearance; and
- proceed in accordance with the route specified in the current flight plan
COMMs failure - Arrival
- track to the destination aid/fix, or if none specified by ATC, the selected aid/fix for the known forecast runway; and
- if in receipt of an arrival clearance (STAR or equivalent clearance/procedure), track via the clearance; and
- commence descent to the initial approach altitude for the approach procedure in accordance with the last acknowledged ATC clearance and then the standard operating procedures (i.e. 3° profile) or flight plan.
COMMs failure - At or within 25NM from destination
- arrive over the destination/selected aid/fix at the last assigned level at or as near possible to the expected approach time given by ATC, and commence approach; or
- if too high, descend in the aid/fix holding pattern to a level convenient for approach; or
- if on initial approach at the time of comms failure but not cleared for the approach, continue via the procedure and maintain the last assigned level until established on final approach track, then commence approach; or
- if too high:
— if a holding pattern is established on the final approach track, descend in the holding pattern to a level convenient for approach; or
— if no holding pattern is established, carry out missed approach and position for another approach, if specified diversion allows
COMMS Failure - radar vectors on arrival
- maintain the last assigned vector for 2 minutes, climbing if necessary to MSA to maintain terrain clearance, and proceed to the aid/fix for an approach; or
- if on initial/intermediate approach, maintain the last assigned level until established on final approach track, and then commence approach
COMMs Failure - Diversion
- if unable to achieve a landing following an approach, the pilot of an IFR aircraft that experiences comms failure should carry out a missed approach
- a second approach may be made if desired, provided a landing can be accomplished within 30 mins of the expected approach time or the ETA, whichever is the latter. If this approach is unsuccessful, the aircraft must divert to the alternate aerodrome
- the pilot of an IFR aircraft that experiences comms failure while holding because of the closure of the destination aerodrome should hold until the divert time notified to ATC, and then depart to the alternate aerodrome
Circling calculation criteria
- the aircraft TAS at max IAS for circling, calculated at 1,000ft AAL with 1,000ft elevation
- a wind of 25kts throughout the turn
- 20° average bank angle or the bank angle producing a turn rate of 3° per second, whichever is the lesser bank angle
- ISA +15°C
Cat A circling radii
1.68nm
When no alternate is needed:
Met forecasts at time of submitting flight plan indicate, for at least 1 hour either side of ETA
- Ceiling at least 1000ft above minima published for the instrument procedure likely to be used
- Visibility will be at least 5km, or 2km above minima published
Non-Precision Approach Alternate forecast criteria
At the time of submitting the flight plan, the met forecasts at the ETA at the alternate aerodrome will be at or above the following:
- A ceiling of 800ft or 200ft above MDA/MDH, whichever is higher
- Vis 4000m or 1500m mover than the prescribed
Precision approach alternate forecast criteria
At the time of submitting the flight plan, the met forecasts at the ETA at the alternate aerodrome will be at or above the following:
- Ceiling 600ft or 200 above DA/DH
- Vis 3000m or 1000m more than prescribed minima
Aerodrome equipment alternate
A PIC must not list any aerodrome as an alternate unless it is equipped with a secondary electric supply for:
- the ground based electronic nab aids necessary for the instrument approach procedure to be used
- aerodrome lighting for night operations
