renewable energy

Question 0

give examples of the kinds of natural resources that generate renewable energy?

Answer 0

sunlight
wind
rain
tides
geothermal hint

Question 1

what is renewable energy?

Answer 1

energy generated fromnatural resources which are naturally replenished.

Question 2

give types of renewable energy?

Answer 2

biomass
hydro
wind
solar
geothermal
tidal

Question 3

what is biomass?

Answer 3

organic material
aka land, water based vegetation and organic wastes

produced by photosynthesis

14% of world energy use

Question 4

what is photosynthesis?

Answer 4

green plants converting sunlight into plant material

water
6H20 + 
Carbon dioxide
6CO2 + 
sunlight
radiant energy->
glucose
C6H12O6+
oxygen
6O2

Question 5

what kind of biomass is grown for energy production?

Answer 5

sugar cane
corn
sugar beets
grains
kelp

Question 6

what is the chemical composition of biomass?

Answer 6

lignin 25% non-sugars

carbs 75% sugars

Question 7

explain extractives

Answer 7

substances present in vegetable or animal tissue that can be separated by successive treatment with solvents and recovered by evaporationof the solution.

eg pine resin, tannin

Question 8

sources of biomass

Answer 8

municipal and industrial wastes
agricultural crop residues
energy plantations

Question 9

is using biomass fuel option sustainable?

Answer 9

abundant resources
maintained integrity of soil, water and biodiversity
renewable
low cost
low emission
public and politicsl acceptance
danger of high yield crops
wipe out

Question 10

what is biodiversity?

Answer 10

diff species of plants

Question 11

factors that determine suitabiity of biomass for energy use

Answer 11

v high yield of dry material per unit of land (dry tonnes / hectares)

Question 12

advantage of decomposition of crop residues

Answer 12

maintain soil nutrients
maintain soil porosity
maintain water filtration and storage
reduce soil erosion

Question 13

what are crop residues made of?

Answer 13

nitrogen
potassium
phosphorous

Question 14

talk about biomass conversion technology

Answer 14

combustion
alcoholic fermentation
anaerobic fermentation
thermochemical processes

Question 15

describe combustion

Answer 15

direct burning of organic material

Question 16

talk about alcoholic fermentation

Answer 16

biochemical conversion of biomass to produce loquid fuels

Question 17

explain anaerobic fermentation

Answer 17

anaerobic digestion of biomass into methane and CO2 or biogas

Question 18

explain thermochemicla process

Answer 18

wood and similar types of biomass which conyain lignin and cellulose are comverted into solid, liquid or gaseous fuels.

Question 19

what is pyrolysis?

Answer 19

biomass heated in the absence of air and breaks down into a co,plex mix of liquid, gases and residual char.

char is charcoal of feedstock is wood

Question 20

what are the environmental impacts of biomass?

Answer 20

inc atmospheric CO2 if you burn am existing forest
reduce acid rain
loss of biodoversity

Question 21

explain the carbon cycle

Answer 21

crops like corn
are finely ground
and separated into their component sugars
these sugars are distilled to make ethanol
which cam be used as am alternative fuel
this releases carbon dioxide
which is reabsorbed by the original crops

Question 22

what is non-renewable energy

Answer 22

it is energy taken from finite resources that will eventually dwindle

Question 23

types of non- renewablw wnwegy

Answer 23

coal
gas
oil
nuclear