Renal Ward : aki case Flashcards
What is the function of parathyroid hormone
When is it secreted
What treatments are there for hyperparathyroidism
Bone reabsorption amd turnover
High phosphate low ca
In CKd there is low levels of Vit D lead to low ……. absorption from the gut, increased … secretion and secondary hyperparathyroidism and bone resorption.
Calcium
PTH
What’s the reference range for proteinuria
> 3.5g in 24hrs
What are the hallmarks of nephrotic syndrome
Proteinuria Oedema Frothy urine Hyperlipidaemian Hypoalhuminaemia Periorbital oedema
What are hall marks for nephritic syndrome
Hameaturia
Proteinuria
Hypertension
Low urine output
Primary and secondary causes of nephrotic
1- minimal change fsgs membranous
2- hep b c , cancer , hiv , diabetes
What is albuminauria
30-300ug micro
3mg+ albuminuria
Nephrotic syndrome increases your risk of…
So what do U give
Clots dry- give heparin if albumin below 20
High cholesterol
Pregnancy - pre-eclampsia
If there is blood in urine following URTI in young boy think pf…
IgA nephopathy
Post streptococcal glomeulonephritis presents 1-2 weeks after URTI associated with proteinuria as well tho
Name some aki risk factors
People over 65 History of aki Ckd Urological obstruction Chronic heart failure liver disease Neuro or cognitive impairment Sepsis Hypovolemia Ologuria Nephrotoxic drug use
Nephrotoxic drugs
Nsaids
Arbs
Acei
Diuretics
Hyperkalemia treatment
Iv ca gluconate
Insulin dextrose infusion
Changes on ecg seen with hyperkalemia
No p waves
Wide qrs
Peaked t waves
Stages of aki
1 -increase of > 26 umol creatinine within 48hrs or >1.5 reference baseline
2- Increase >2 to 2.9 reference or urine <0.5ml/kg for >12hrs
3- Increase > 3x and no wee for 12hr
What is ATN cause of …
Combo of factors which have caused renal ischaemia and toxicity
Eg hypotension and dehydration or sepsis with associated nephrotoxic drugs
