Renal Replacement Therapy

Question 1

main symptom in advanced CKD? earliest cardinal symptom?

Answer 1

uraemia

malaise and fatigue

Question 2

pre-requisites for dialysis?

Answer 2

semipermeable membrane
adequate blood exposure to the membrane
dialysis access
anticoagulation

Question 3

haemodialysis access?

Answer 3

Arteriovenous fistula
AV prosthetic graft

tunnelled/temporary venous catheter

Question 4

what are the two types of peritoneal dialysis?

Answer 4

continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD)

automated peritoneal dialysis (APD)

Question 5

what is peritoneal dialysis?

Answer 5

a balanced dialysis solution it put into the peritoneal cavity using the peritoneal mesothelium as a dialysis membrane

Question 6

what is the most common agent for peritoneal dialysis

Answer 6

glucose

Question 7

peritoneal dialysis complications?

Answer 7

PD peritonitis
ultrafiltration failure
encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis

Question 8

indications for dialysis in ESRD? (4)

Answer 8

advanced uraemia - GDR 5-10
acidosis - bicarbonate <10mmol
treatment resistant hyperkalaemia
fluid overload

Question 9

fluid restrictions in dialysis and allowance?

Answer 9

500-800ml

intake allowed = urine output + insensible loss

Question 10

dialysis related drugs?

Answer 10

erythropoietin injections
IV iron supplements
activated vitamin D
phosphate binders with meals
heparin
water soluble vitamins

Question 11

complications in haemodialysis?

Answer 11

hypotension and cramps
arrhythmias
coagulation
allergies