Renal Quiz

Question 1

Diuretic Categories

Answer 1

Thiazide
Loop
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
Potassium sparing
Osmotic

Question 2

what do thiazides do

Answer 2

block Cl pump in ascending and distal tubules

Question 3

urine volume is not increased in which diuretic

Answer 3

thiazide

Question 4

adverse effects for thiazides

Answer 4

hypokalemia
altered BG
decreased Ca excretion

Question 5

indications for thiazide

Answer 5

edema

hypertension (safe)

Question 6

contraindications for thiazides

Answer 6

allergy

fluid/elec imbalances

Question 7

thiazides should not be used with what drugs

Answer 7

lithium

digoxin (K falls in both)

Question 8

should you keep drinking water on diuretics

Answer 8

yes or else rebound fluid

Question 9

thiazide drug

Answer 9

hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL)

Question 10

what do loops do

Answer 10

block Cl pump in ascending and descending loop of henle and DCT

Question 11

what do you lose with loops

Answer 11

Na
Cl
Copious fluid

Question 12

indications for loops

Answer 12

CHF
edema
too powerful for HTN

Question 13

contraindications for loops

Answer 13

elec depletion

anuria

Question 14

what supplements will be given with loops

Answer 14

Vitamin K

Question 15

adverse effects of loops

Answer 15

low elec
alkalosis
reversible hearing loss

Question 16

what will treat dig toxicity

Answer 16

water, K and salt

Question 17

loop drug

Answer 17

furosemide (Lasix)

Question 18

what do CAI do

Answer 18

block carbonic anhydrase

slow movement of H+

Question 19

what do you lose with CAI

Answer 19

Na

Bicarb (urine becomes basic)

Question 20

indications for CAI

Answer 20

angle open glaucoma

Question 21

contraindications for CAI

Answer 21

angle closure glaucoma (can cause blindness if pressure is not released)

Question 22

adverse effects of CAI

Answer 22

basic urine
metabolic acidosis
paresthesias
confusion
drowsiness

Question 23

what drugs cannot be used with CAI

Answer 23

salicylates (toxic)
lithium (TF)
sulfa drugs (rxn)

Question 24

CAI drug

Answer 24

acetazolamide (Diamox)

Question 25

what do potassium sparing drugs do

Answer 25

cause Na loss retain K block aldosterone in distal tubule

Question 26

indications for potasssium sparing

Answer 26

with thiazide or loop risk for hypokalemia hyperaldosteronism

Question 27

contraindications for potassium sparing

Answer 27

hyperkalemia renal disease anuria

Question 28

adverse effect of potassium sparing

Answer 28

hyperkalemia

Question 29

what causes TF in potassium sparing

Answer 29

aspirin

Question 30

potassium sparing drug

Answer 30

spironolactone (Aldactone)

Question 31

what do osmotics do

Answer 31

pull water into tubule without Na loss

Question 32

indications for osmotics

Answer 32

ICP or acute renal failure from MODS drug overdose trauma

Question 33

contraindications for osmotics

Answer 33

``` renal disease anuria pulmonary congestion IC bleeding CHF ```

Question 34

adverse effects of osmotics

Answer 34

hypovolemic shock

Question 35

osmotic drug

Answer 35

mannitol

Question 36

what to assess with diuretics

Answer 36

``` measure edema daily weight I&Os BUN Creatinine ```

Question 37

signs of acute pyelonephritis

Answer 37

chills flank pain fever tenderness

Question 38

what do anti-infectives do

Answer 38

destroy bacteria in urinary tract

Question 39

what should you always ask before anti-infectives

Answer 39

allergies! (reactions are very strong)

Question 40

keys to healing from UTI

Answer 40

perineal hygiene | increased fluid intake

Question 41

anti-infective drugs

Answer 41

ciprofloxacin (Cipro) | nitrofurantoin (Furadantin)

Question 42

what do antispasmodics do

Answer 42

block spasms of urinary tract block PNS activity = anticholinergic relax detrusor an other muscles

Question 43

indications for antispasmodics

Answer 43

bladder spasm | dysuria

Question 44

contraindications for antispasmodics

Answer 44

glaucoma myasthenia gravis GI obstructions acute hemorrhage

Question 45

antispasmodic drug

Answer 45

oxybutynin (Ditropan)

Question 46

what do UT analgesias do

Answer 46

exerts topical analgesic effect on urinary mucosa

Question 47

indications for UT analgesics

Answer 47

relief of symptoms from UTI

Question 48

adverse effect of UT analgesics

Answer 48

red-orange urine

Question 49

UT anagesia drug

Answer 49

phenazopyridine (Azo Standard)

Question 50

what do bladder protectants do

Answer 50

adheres to bladder wall and acts as a buffer to control cell permeability prevents irritating solutes in urine from reaching bladder

Question 51

indications for bladder protectants

Answer 51

interstitial cystitis

Question 52

contraindications of bladder protectants

Answer 52

bleeding conditions

Question 53

badder protectant drug

Answer 53

pentosan polysulfate (Elmiron)

Question 54

what do alpha adrenergic blockers do

Answer 54

block receptors in SNS

Question 55

adverse effects of alpha adrenergic blockers

Answer 55

tachycardia hypotension sexual dysfunction

Question 56

alpha adrenergic blocker drugs

Answer 56

doxazosin (Cardura) | tamsulosin (Flomax)

Question 57

what do testosterone blockers do

Answer 57

inhibit intracellular enzyme that converts test to DHT which develops and maintains the prostate gland

Question 58

adverse effects of testosterone blockers

Answer 58

decreased libido impotence no blood donations for 6 months

Question 59

testosterone blocker drug

Answer 59

finasteride (Propecia)