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Pharmacology > GI Quiz > Flashcards

GI Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

Categories for GERD/ULCER disease

A 
Histamine 2 antagonists
Antacids
PPI
GI protectant
Prostaglandins
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2
Q

Where are the H2 receptors

A

stomach parietal cells

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3
Q

What do the H2 do

A

make acid

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4
Q

-dine

A

H2 antagonists

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5
Q

Drug that is cardio protective in CHF

A

H2 antagonists

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6
Q

Indications for H2 antagonists

A

Short term treatment of active duodenal ulcer, benign gastric ulcer and GERD

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7
Q

If you use H2 antagonists/PPI long term

A

increased risk for cell malfunction = stomach cancer

need problem fixed

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8
Q

H2 antagonist drug

A

ranitidine (Zantac)

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9
Q

What do antacids do

A

neutralize stomach acid by direct chemical reaction

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10
Q

Bicarb corrects

A

acidosis

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11
Q

Indications for antacids

A

symptomatic relief of upset stomach from hyperacidity and hyperactivity

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12
Q

Antacids contraindicated with

A

GI obstruction

Conditions exacerbated by electrolyte imbalance

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13
Q

Adverse effects of antacids

A

rebound acidity

alkalosis

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14
Q

Drug that should be taken separate from other food/drugs

A

antacids

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15
Q

Systematically alkalotic

A

headache
nausea
vomiting
muscle twitching

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16
Q

Antacid drug

A

aluminum salts (AlternaGEL)

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17
Q

What do PPIs do

A

prevent final step of acid production

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18
Q

Indications for PPI

A

short term treatment

treat H pylori

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19
Q

Adverse reactions of PPI

A

C diff, increased bone loss

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20
Q

PPI drug

A

omeprazole (Prilosec)

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21
Q

what do GI protectants do

A

form ulcer-adherent complex at duodenal ulcer sites

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22
Q

Indications for GI protectants

A

promote ulcer healing

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23
Q

Adverse effects of GI protectants

A

GI effects (including dry mouth)

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24
Q

Drug won’t get bound if given with food

A

GI protectant

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25
Q

GI protectant drug

A

sucralfate (Carafate)

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26
Q

what do prostaglandins do

A

inhibit gastric acid secretion and increases bicarb/mucus production in stomach

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27
Q

indications for prostaglandins

A

prevent NSAID ulcers

Treat duodenal ulcers

28
Q

Adverse effects of prostaglandins

A

GU effects

29
Q

Drug that is an abortafacient

A

prostaglandins

30
Q

prostaglandin drug

A

misoprostol (Cytotec)

31
Q

what do pancreatic enzymes do

A

replace enzymes that help digestion and absorption of fats, proteins and carbohydrates

32
Q

Indications for pancreatic enzymes

A

cystic fibrosis, pancreas disease and common bile duct problems

33
Q

adverse effects of pancreatic enzymes

A

GI irritation, nausea, abdominal cramps and diarrhea

34
Q

when should you take pancreatic enzymes

A

with meal

35
Q

pancreatic enzyme drug

A

pancrelipase (Pancrease)

36
Q

GI motility categories

A

laxatives
GI stimulants
antidiarrheals

37
Q

who uses laxatives

A

elderly and women trying to lose weight

38
Q

indications for laxatives

A

short term relief of constipation
removal of ingested poisons
evacuate bowel for procedure

39
Q

adverse effects of laxatives

A

uterine contractions

cathartic dependency

40
Q

chemical stimulant drug

A

bisacodyl (Dulcolax)

41
Q

chemical stimulants do

A

irritate the GI tract lining

42
Q

bulk stimulant drug

A

magnesium citrate (Citrate of Magnesia)

43
Q

bulk stimulants do

A

cause fecal matter to increase in bulk

44
Q

lubricant drug

A

docusate (Colace)

45
Q

lubricants do

A

help intestinal contents move more smoothly through lubrication

46
Q

what do GI stimulants do

A

block dopamine and increase Ach to stimulate PNS in GI tract

-keeps dopamine around

47
Q

worst side effects of GI stimulants

A

EPS

48
Q

GI stimulant drug

A

metoclopramide (Reglan)

49
Q

what do antidiarrheals do

A

slow the motility of the GI tract through direct action of the lining
-more water and electrolytes absorbed

50
Q

indications for antidiarrheals

A

diarrhea
reduction of volume from ileostomies
traveler’s diarrhea

51
Q

worst adverse effect of antidiarrheals

A

toxic megacolon

52
Q

how is toxic megacolon found

A

fever
abdominal pain
decreased bowel sounds

53
Q

contraindications for antidiarrheals

A

poisoning

obstruction

54
Q

antidiarrheal drug

A

loperamide (Imodium)

55
Q

antiemetic categories

A

phenothiazines
anticholinergics
serotonin 5HT3 receptor blockers

56
Q

what do phenothiazines do

A

depress CTZ of CNS

highly anticholinergic

57
Q

indications for phenothiazines

A

n/v
hiccoughs
don’t have many options

58
Q

adverse effects of phenothiazines

A

red/brown urine
sun sensitivity
risk for falls

59
Q

phenothiazine drug

A

promethazine (Phenergan)

60
Q

what do anticholinergics do

A

act as antihistamine and block impulses to CTZ

61
Q

indications for anticholinergics

A

n/v

dizziness

62
Q

anticholinergic drug

A

meclizine (Antivert)

63
Q

what do serotonin 5HT3 receptor blockers do

A

block n/v receptors in CTZ

64
Q

indications for serotonin 5HT3 receptor blockers

A

control n/v associated with chemo

65
Q

adverse effects of serotonin 5HT3 receptor blockers

A

myalgia
urinary retention
very safe

66
Q

serotonin 5HT3 receptor blocker drug

A

ondansetron (Zofran)

Pharmacology (10 decks)

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