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Advanced Assessment > Renal Problems > Flashcards

Renal Problems Flashcards

1
Q

***The patient is seen in the clinic with a chief complaint of hematuria. To make a differential diagnosis which of the following questions should be asked?

A. Do you have a history of liver disease?
B. What medications are you currently taking?
C. Have you noticed swelling in your ankles?
D.All of the above

A

B. What medications are you currently taking

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2
Q

The result of the patients 24 hour urine for protein was 4.2 g/day. The clinician should take which of the following actions?

A. Repeat the test.,
B. Refer to a nephrologist,
c. Measure the serum protein
D. Obtain a BUN and creatinine

A

B. Refer to a nephrologist

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3
Q

The patient is seeing complaining of leaking urine when I sneeze. Which of the following actions should the clinician take first?

A. Order a Cystometrogram
B. Obtain a computed tomography scan.
C. Instruct the patient on Kegel exercises.
D. Prescribe imipramine

A

Instructed the patient on Kegel exercises.

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4
Q

***A patient is seen in the clinic with hematuria confirmed on microscopic examination. Clinician should inquire about the ingestion of which of these substances that might be the cause of hematuria?

A. NSAIDS
B. BEETS
C. VIT a
D. Red meat

A

NSAIDs

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5
Q

*******A 27-year-old female patient presents with a chief complaint of burning and pain on urination. She has no previous history of urinary tract infection. What are some additional symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of lower UTI?

Back pain and abdominal pain
Fever, chills, Costal vertebral angle tenderness
Blood in urine and frequency
Foul smelling discharge, perineal itch

A

Blood in urine and frequency

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6
Q

***A 30-year-old patient presents with pain on urination. The urine microscopy of unspun urine shows greater than 10 leukocytes/ML, and a dipstick is positive for nitrites. What is the probable diagnosis?

Lower urinary tract infection.
Chlamydia infection.
Candidiasis.
Pyelonephritis

A

Lower urinary tract infection

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7
Q

***The patient presents with CVA tenderness and a several day history of high fever, chills, and dysuria. Which of the following diagnoses is most likely given the above information?

Pyelonephritis.
Cystitis.
Renal calculi.
Bladder tumor.

A

Pylonephritis

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8
Q

Which of the following information is essential before prescribing Bactrim DS to a 24-year-old woman with a UTI?

Last menstrual period.
Method of birth control.
Last unprotected sexual contact.
All of the above

A

All of the above

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9
Q 
The patient is seen in the office complaining of severe flank pain. The clinician should assess the patient for which risk factor for kidney stones?
Hypertension
Constipation
Tubal ligation
Diabetes
A

Hypertension

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10
Q 
*******A patient is diagnosed with a urge incontinence. Before prescribing Detro XL, the provider should question the patient about which of these contra indications to the medication?
Diarrhea
Parkinson’s disease
Closed angle glaucoma
Breast cancer
A

Closed angle glaucoma

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11
Q

***The patient is diagnosed with over active bladder which of the following instruction should be given to this woman?

Limit the amount of water that you drink
Eliminate caffeine from your diet
Wear pantiliners
All of the above

A

Elimon Nate caffeine from your diet

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12
Q

A 34-year-old patient was treated for a UTI and has not responded to antibiotics therapy. Which of the following actions should be taken next?

Send a urine specimen for microscopy and evaluate for fungal colonies
Increase the dose of antibiotic
Order a cystoscopy
Order a different antibiotic

A

Send a urine specimen for microscopy and evaluate for fungal colonies

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13
Q

Which of the following are predisposing factors for Pyelonephritis?

Pregnancy
Dehydration
Smoking
Alkaline urine

A

Pregnancy

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14
Q

***A 42-year-old woman is seen in the clinic with fever, chills, vomiting, and severe dysuria. She is diagnosed with acute Pyelonephrite us. How should the patient be managed?

Three day course of oral antibiotics
Hospitalization
Encourage cranberry juice and take
Six week course of antibiotics

A

Hospitalization

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15
Q

***The patient is seen with a sudden onset of flank pain accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and diaphoresis. In addition to nephrolithiasis, which of the following should be added to the list of differential diagnoses?

Pancreatitis
Peptic ulcer disease
Diverticulitis
All of the above

A

All of the above.

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16
Q

Which of the following instruction should be given to the patient with nephrolithiasis?

Take ibuprofen, 600 mg every eight hours
Take Tums for upset stomach
Drink more black tea
Increase intake of vegetables, like spinach

A

Take ibuprofen, 600 mg every eight hours

17
Q

***Which of the following patients at risk for developing urinary tract cancer?

The 45-year-old woman who is 100 pounds overweight
The 78-year-old man who smokes three packs of cigarettes a day
The 84-year-old man who worked in asbestos mines
All of the above

A

All of the above

18
Q

***The patient is seen in the clinic and diagnosed with stage one renal cancer. The provider should refer the patient to a nephrologist for which of these treatments

Chemo therapy
Nephrectomy
Palliative treatment
Radiation

A

Nephrectomy

19
Q

***An 86-year-old woman is seen in the clinic for recurrent hematuria. The provider suspects bladder cancer. Which of the following data from the history is considered a risk factor for this type of cancer?

History of alcoholism
Sedentary lifestyle
Obesity
65-year-old smoking history

A

65 year smoking history

20
Q

***Which of the following diagnostic test should be ordered for a patient suspected of having bladder cancer?

Kidneys, ureter, bladder x-ray
Cystoscopy with biopsy
Magnetic resonance imaging
Urine tumor marker NMP22

A

Cystoscopy with biopsy

21
Q

***A 78-year-old man is diagnosed with stage D bladder cancer and ask the provider what that means. Which is the best response?

There is no such thing as stage D cancer
Do you have cancer that has spread to the surrounding tissue
Your cancer has spread to other organs
Your cancer can be cured by removing your bladder

A

Your cancer has spread to other organs

22
Q

***The patient is diagnosed with acute renal failure. Which of the following data obtained from the history should alert the provider that this is a case of pre-renal azotemia?

Recent heatstroke
Nephrolithiasis
Recent infection where gentle myosin was used in treatment
All of the above

A

Recent heat stroke

23
Q

***The patient is diagnosed with acute renal failure. Which of the following conditions is most common cause?

Renal calculi
Acute tubular necrosis
Cardiac failure
Acute glomerulonephritis

A

Acute tubular necrosis

24
Q

***An 82-year-old woman with renal failure is seen in the clinic. The provider should question the patient about the intake of which of these substances that can cause renal toxicity?

Ibuprofen
Captopril
Losartan
All of the above

A

All of the above

25
Q

**Which of the following clinical manifestations are consistent with a patient in acute renal failure?

Pruritus
Glycosuria
Irritability
Hypotension

A

Pruritus

26
Q

***Which of the following examination findings should be expected in a patient with chronic renal failure?

Week, thready pulse
Auscultory crackles
Hypertension
Plural friction rub

A

Auscultory crackles

27
Q

**Which of the following tests is most useful in determining renal function in a patient suspected of chronic renal failure?

BUN and creatinine
Electrolytes
Creatinine clearance
Urine analysis

A

Creatinine clearance

28
Q

**Which of the following food should be limited in a patient with chronic renal failure?

Milk
Bananas
Soy sauce
All of the above

A

All of the above

29
Q

***You’re in osmolality is greater than 500 MOSM per liter in patients with post renal acute renal failure.

A

False

30
Q

***Cigarette smoking is a risk factor for chronic renal failure

A

True

31
Q

Study guide RENAL

  • Renal Artery Stenosis- Patient presentation and common effects of the disease
  • Kidney failure- causes, Diagnostic and monitoring tools
  • Urge incontinence- treatment
  • Causes of hematuria
  • Overactive bladder- treatment
  • Diagnosis of bladder cancer
  • Difficulty with urination- differentials
A

—

32
Q

A. ________occurs when the renal artery and the branches become thickened, stiff, and narrow because of atheromatous plaques (two-thirds of cases) or fibromuscular dysplasia (one-third of cases).

A

..renal artery stenosis

Advanced Assessment (22 decks)

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