Renal Physio (H2O Regulation)

Question 1

Difference between countercurrent and concurrent flows in the multiplier system

Answer 1

Countercurrent: opposite flows, small gradients

Concurrent: same flows, large gradients

Question 2

The cortex contains what structures of the nephron?

Answer 2

• bowman capsules
• PDT
• DCT

Question 3

The medulla contains what structures of the nephron?

Answer 3

• loop of henle

- collecting ducts

Question 4

Where does the countercurrent flow occur?

Answer 4

• loop of henle

- blood vessels

Question 5

What is the multiplier system?

Answer 5

• Their is a concentration gradient within the medulla

- the deeper in the medulla, the higher the concentration

Question 6

What occurs in the ascending loop of the loop of henle?

Answer 6

• concentration gradient is decreasing (diluted) towards the DCT
  
  • Na+ and Cl- is being removed
  • NKCC symporter

Question 7

What occurs in the descending loop of the loop of henle?

Answer 7

• filtrate entering the loop is isometric to both blood plasma and cortical interstitial fluid
• H20 moves out the filtrate = concentrates the filtrate

Question 8

Where is vasopressin produced and stored?

Answer 8

• Created in the hypothalamus

- stored in posterior pituitary gland

Question 9

How does vasopressin affect H2O regulation?

Answer 9

1. Blood osmolarity (concentration) affects its release

2. Acts of Collecting Duct and increase in aquaporin (water channels) production