RENAL PATHOLOGY Flashcards
3 layers of glomerulus
EC
GBM
Podocytes
how many pyramids
12
renal lobe
medullary pyramid and overlying cortex
major compartments of glomerulus
Glomerular tuft
extraglomerular tuft
what are the four resident cell types in glomerulus
mesangial cells
endothelial cells
visceral epithelial cells/ podocytes - gt
parietal epithelial cells/ egt
Biochemical components of GBM
Collagen Type 4 Laminin Polyanionic proteoglycans Fibronectin Entactin Collagen 5 7 Amyloid P
Function of mesangium
Surface receptors for angiotensin 2,vasopressin, TXA2, PGE2
Alter glomerular capillary diameter and helps in regulating plasma blood flow
Participate in the Sequestration and clearing of immune complexes since they’ve abundant lysosomes
Components of JGA
Macula densa
Afferent arterioles terminal
Efferent arteeioles proximal
Macula densa
Types of renal hypoplasia
Oligomeganeohronic
Simple
Types of cystic renal dysplasia
Multicystic dysplasia
Localized dysplasia
Dysplasia associated with lower urinary tract obstruction
Complications of multicystic dysplasia
Nephroblastoma
RCC
Congenital nephronomegaly is associated with which syndrome
Beckwith-Wideman syndrome
Types of ectopic kidney
Simple or crossed
Horseshoe kidney associated with which syndrome
Turner syndrome
3 categories of RPGN
- Post infectious RPGN secondary to acute poly step GN
Systemic diseases like Goodpasture syndrome, SLE, PAN, Wegener granulomatosis, Henoch-Schonlein purpura - Idiopathic RPGN
How GP arise
spontaneously or follow influenza or exposue to organic solvents or drugs such as rifampicin
renal manifestation of Goodpasture. Nephritic or nephrotic
Nephritic
which two diseases present as asymptomatic haematuria
thin membrane disease
IgA nephropathy
heterezygous mutatuion of COL4A3 COL4A4
Homozygous mutation
TMD
Alport syndrome
do TMD patients develop Renal failure
no
cause of death in Good pasture
uraemia
distinguish between fibrillary GN and immunotactoid glomerulopathy
glomerular infiltration by fibrils
glomerular deposition of ig with structural organisation as microtubules
lesions in dG
Glomerular lesions
Renal vascular aterio
Pyelonephritis
Tubular lesions
what comprises the glomerular lesions in diabetic glomerulopathy
BM thickening
diffuse glomeruloscelois
nodular gs
exudative lesions(fibrin caps and capsular drops)
which of the glomerula lesions is pathognomonic
Nodular glomeruloscelorosis
where is Armani-Erbstein lesion found
proximal epithelial cells
Seen in diabetic glomerulonephropathy
is diabetic neuropathy associated with proteinuria
yeah but it’s mild
Conditions that predispose one to RCC
Von - Hippel Lindau Syndrome
Acquired cystic disease in pts on dialysis
ADPKD
Most common RCC seen with dialysis associated cystic disease
Papillary carcinoma
RCC may present in 3 ways. Name them
Autosomal dominant RCC with clear cell pattern
VHL
Papillary RCC
In RCC, which percentage has Metatastis at time of diagnosis
1/3rd
In RCC, where does it spread to
Perinephric fat
Regional lymph nodes
Lungs
Bones
Pelvis
In RCC, where does it spread to
Perinephric fat
Regional lymph nodes
Lungs
Bones
Pelvis
Clinical triad in RCC
Loin pain
Haematuria
Palpable tumor
Angiomyolipoma is associated with which disease
Tuberous sclerosis
Complication of angiomyolipoma
Retroperitoneal hemorrhage
