Renal OSCE Flashcards
1
Q
Ddx of LIF mass
A
- kidney transplant
- Loaded colon
- Diverticular mass
- colorectal carcinoma
- ovary
2
Q
Ddx for bilaterally enlarged kidneys
A
- Adult polycystic kidney disease
- Bilateral hydronephrosis
- Amylodosis
3
Q
Causes of a unilaterally enlarged kidney
A
- Hydronephrosis
- Renal cancer
- renal cysts
4
Q
Ddx for a RIF mass
A
- Kidney transplant
- Appendix mass
- Crohn’s disease
- Ceacal carcinoma
- Ovary
5
Q
Indications of dialysis in CRF
A
- Progressive decline in renal function (usually CKD 5 = GFR < 15mL/min)
- Symptomatic uraemia despite conservative Rx
- Renal bone disease
- Pericarditis
- Volume overload despite fluid restriction and diuretics
- Hyperkalaemia despite Rx
6
Q
Components of renal bone disease
A
- Osteomalacia (vitamine D deficiency)
- Hyperparathyroidism - increase in phosphate
- Subperiosteal bone resorption, especially on hand x-ray
- Pepper pot skull (Ddx multiple myeloma)
- Osteoporosis - chronic disease
- Osteosclerosis - prolonged hyperparathyroidism
7
Q
Complications of haemodialysis?
A
- Hypotension
- Hypovolaemia
- Hypokalaemia
- Disequilibration syndrome (cerebral oedema)
- Dialysis-related amyloidosis (B2-microglobin accumulation causing peripheral neuropathy)
8
Q
Side effects of post-transplant immunosuppresive drugs such as High dose corticosteroids?
A
- Cushingoid facies (moon facies, plethora, acne, hirsute
- Thin skin
- Bruising
- Abdominal obesity
- Purple striae
- Muscle wasting in limbs
9
Q
Side effects of post-transplant immunosuppresive drugs such as Ciclosporin?
A
- Gingival hypertrophy
- Warty skin lesion
- Hypertrichosis (werewolf syndrome)
