Renal Neoplasms Flashcards
what are the benign tumors of the kidneys?
- papillary adenoma
- renal fibroma/hamartoma
- angiomyolipoma
- oncocytoma
what are the malignant umors
- renal cell carcinoma
- urothelial carcinoma of renal pelvis
- nephroblastoma (wilms’ tumor)
what are the characteristics of a renal cell carcinoma?
- disease of late middle age
- there is a slight male predominance
- it arises from tubular epithelium- are adenocarcinomas
what are the risk factors for renal cell carcinoma?
- tobacco
- heavy metal exposure
- chronic renal failure, acquired renal cystic disease, tuberous sclerosis
what is the presentation of renal cell carcinoma
- hematuria
- back/flank pain
- palpable mass
what is the most common type of renal cell carcinoma?
clear cell carcinoma
deletion of what gene is involved in the carcinogenesis of RCC
von hippel-lindau gene
which group are at very high risk of developing RCC of the clear cell type?
Von Hippel–Lindau syndrome
hereditary papillary carcinoma is associated with?
- AD
- Multiple
- Bilateral
- Mutations in MET proto-oncogene
Most clear cell carcinoma are ____ and regardless of the type there is a _____
- clear cell carcinomas are the most common
- regardless of type (sporadic, familial, VHL), clear cell carcinomas always involve the loss of material on short arm of chromosome 3 where the VHL(this gene acts as a tumor suppressor) gene is located
what is the distinguishing factor for renal cell carcinoma?
- it is usually in the upper pole
- clear cell’s are normal unilateral and one big mass
- papillary is multifocal and bilateral
RCC like to invade
the renal vein
the second most common renal cell carcinoma is
papillary carcinoma
what is papillary carcinoma associated with?
trisomies 7,16, 17 and loss of Y
chromophobe renal cell carcinoma arises from
- intercalated cells of the collecting ducts
- has multiple chromosome losses, extreme hypodiploidy
- has excellent prognosis
