Renal IV Flashcards
transitional cell carcinoma
papillary growth lined by epithelium
of urinary tract system
with phenacetin, smoking, aniline, cyclophosphamide
SCC of bladder
chronic irritation - squamous metaplasia
risk fx - schistosoma haematibium
chronic cystitis, smoking, chronic stones
UTI causes
MCC E. coli
staph sapro
klebsiella
proteus mirabilis - urine smell like ammonia
labs with UTI
leukocyte esterase +
nitrite + for gram negatives
sterile pyuria UTI
neisseria gonorrhea
chlamydia trachomatis
chronic pyelonephritis
predisposed - with VUR or chronic obstruction
see scarring and blunted calyx
also - eosinphilic casts can resemble thyroid tissue
-thyroidization of kidney
drug induced lupus interstitial nephritis
tubulointerstitial
eosinophils and azotemia
-after drug admin
diffuse cortical necrosis
infarct both kidneys
vasospasm or DIC
with obstetric catastrophe
acute tubular necrosis
hosp patients
- can resolve
- can be fatal
stages of acute tubular necrosis
1 - inciting event
2 - maintenance - oliguria - hyperK, acidosis, uremia
3 - recovery - polyuria, BUN Cr low, hypoK
causes of acute tubular necrosis
ischemia - PCT and TAL susceptible
nephrotoxic - PCT susceptible
renal papillary necrosis
gross hematuria and proteinuria
with sickle cell, acute pyelo, NSAID, DM
abrupt decline renal fxn
acute kidney injury - acute renal failure
prerenal azotemia
decreased RBF - decreased GFR
Na H2O and BUN retained by kidney - to conserve volume
elevated BUN/Cr ration
-BUN reabsorbed and Cr not
intrinsic renal failure
acute tubular necrosis or ischemia/toxin
ATN - patchy necrosis
decrased GFR
BUN reabsorption impaired
-BUN/Cr ration decreased
