Renal Images Flashcards
What is “g”?
medulla
(of corticomedullary junction)
What are “c” and “d”?
d = arcuate artery
c = arcuate vein
What is this (marked by arrow and bar)?
Medullary ray
What is this? (hint: it has been cut in cross section)
medullary ray
What is “a”?
interlobular artery
(note: it has been cut in cross section, but passes parallel to the nearby medullary ray)
What are the two structures labeled with bars?
medullary rays
What are these?
curpuscles
What are “a” and “b”?
interlobular artery (a) and vein (b)
What is a lobule?
(conceptual question)
all the cortex between cortex between interlobular arteries
it will have a medullary ray in its center, labyrinth on either side
What is this?
urinary space of Bowerman’s capsule
What is this?
corpuscle
What are these flat cells?
parietal layer of bowman’s capsule
What’s this?
glomerulus
(note: includes podocytes, mesangial cells, endothelial cells, possibly white cells)
Conceptual: What does the renal corpuscle consist of?
bowman’s capsule and glomerulus
What are these?
proximal convoluted tubules
(here, here, here and here)
What is “e”?
distal tubule
What is the red arrow? What is the green arrow?
red = proximal tubule (pyramidal, larger, more darkly stained, fewer nuclei)
green = distal tubule (shorter cells)
What is “g”?
proximal tubule
What are “a” and “b”?
a = interlobular artery
b = interlobular vein
Which structure is the macula densa?
“d”
What are the 2 structures noted “c”?
afferent arterioles
What is “f”?
proximal convoluted tubule
What is this structure? What is noted by the green arrow?
distal convoluted tubule
macula dense
What is “a”?
afferent arteriole
What is this? How do you know?
vascular pole
afferent arteriole + macula densa
What is “c”?
origin of proximal convoluted tubule
What is this region?
urinary pole
What is the blue arrow?
What is the orange arrow?
urinary space
parietal cells
What is “d” (probably)?
podocyte (big nucleus in prime real estate to be bathed in glomerular filtrate)
These RBCs are contained within what structure?
peritubular plexus
What are these?
proximal convoluted tubules
What are the structures labeled “a”?
distal convoluted tubules
What is this?
macula densa
(remember: macula densa = vascular pole)
What is this?
collecting duct
What is this image?
medullary ray (at high power)
What type of cell is this?
cuboidal
What are these?
proximal straight tubules
(note: there are no convoluted tubules in the medullary rays)
What is this?
urinary pole of a renal corpuscle
How do you know this is a medullary ray?
the three parallel structures
What are the blue arrows? What is the purple arrow?
blue = proximal tubule
purple = distal tubule
What are these?
proximal tubules (in cortical labyrinth, proximal convoluted tubules)
What are these?
Ducts of bellini
What are these?
thin segments of loop of Henle
What are these?
thick segments of loop of henle
What are these?
Collecting ducts
What are these?
collecting ducts
What are these?
proximal tubules
What are these?
distal tubules
Red?
Green?
Blue?
R: Distal
G: Renal Corpuscle
B: Proximal
Green?
Red?
Blue?
G: thin tubules
R: Distal
B: Collecting duct
What is this?
(This is one of Herron’s practice questions)
proximal convoluted tubule
Blue?
Yellow?
Green?
Orange?
Blue: Bowman’s capsule
Yellow: proximal conv
Green: Distal conv
Orange: arteriole
What is this?
arcuate artery
Black?
Blue?
Orange?
Yellow?
Green?
Black, Blue, Yellow: Medullary ray
Orange: renal corpuscles
Green: cortical labyrinth
What is this region?
lobule
What kind of tissue?
medulla
Yellow?
Green?
Blue?
Yellow: interlobar arteries
Green: peritubular capillaries
Blue: glomeruli
Red?
Blue?
Orange?
Red: afferent arterioles
Blue: efferent arterioles
Orange: podocytes (?)
What is this region (blue)?
What is this (yellow)?
lobule
interlobar vessel
What disease?
1 = normal
2 = diabetes
What is “ep”?
(What kind of epithelium?)
ureter, transitional epithelium
FYI:
Yellow arrow?
Orange arrow?
What is this whole region (white)?
Y: Lamina rara externa- podocyte
O: Lamina rara interna – endothelial cells
W: Lamina densa
What are the areas marked with a red box?
What are the structures marked with a green box?
Filtration slits
Podocytes
What is “e”?
renal corpuscle
A? B? C? D?
A – Medullary Ray
B- Collecting duct
C- Proximal straight tubule
D- Urinary pole of a renal corpuscle
A – medullary ray
B- proximal straight tubule
C- Proximal straight tubule
D- Distal straight tubule E- Brush border F- Proximal convoluted tubules
A - vessels
B – Thick limbs (in the medulla this is acceptable terminology– you can’t tell the difference between prox. and dist)
C – Collecting Ducts
D – thin limbs
What area of the kindey is this?
medulla
A:Collecting duct
B: Thick limb
C: thin limb
D: vasa recta
What is the section containing the blue line (what kind of tissue is this)?
What is the structure designated with a red line?
muscular layer
lamina propria
(note: Upper 2/3 = inner longitudinal + outer circular layer of muscle; Lower 1/3 = additional outer longitudinal muscle)
What type of epithelium is this? Where is it found?
transitional; ureter and bladder
pediceles (from the same podocyte)
What is abnormal about this?
the podocytes have fused (aka effacement)
What caused this “onion skin”-like pathology?
malignant hypertension
Which is diffuse? What term describes the other image?
the one on the left is “diffuse”; the image on the right is “focal”
What term describes the image on the left? Right?
L: global
R: segmental
What term describes this type of glomerulonephritis?
crescentric
What is this (in spiffy pathologist terms)?
What condition would this patient have?
globally sclerotic glomeruli
this “end-stage hypertensive nephropathy” is called
ARTERIONEPHROSCLEROSIS
What is this? (Hint: it was caused by malignant hypertension)
fibrinoid necrosis of arterioles
What is this? (Hint: it is caused by hypertension)
hyaline sclerosis
What are these (in urine), and what causes this?
What are these (urine), and how do you know?
WBC
larger than RBC
granular
What is the black arrow pointing to?
What is the yellow arrow pointing to?
(urine)
What are these really difficult to see cells? What does their presence in the urine sample tell you?
squamous epithelial cells
there may be vaginal contamination; they will not tell you anything about the kidneys!
What are these (urine)? What are they associated with?
renal tubular epithelial cells
What is this (really faint) cell? When is it present in the urine?
hyaline cast
present in normal patients, usually in states of volume depletion (such as after running a marathon)
What are these, and what are they indicative of?
What is this, and in what condition would this be present in the urine?
renal tubular epithelial cell
What are these, and when do they precipitate out in urine?
uric acid crystals
when urine is acidic
What are these, and in what condition might you see these in urine?
What are these, and when might you see these in urine?
What is this?
What are these, and are they pathologic or benign findings in urine?
What is this (in urine)?
What is this (in urine), and what condition is it associated with?
fatty cast
lipiduria
What is this (in urine)?
What is this (yellow line)?
maltese cross
What is this (in urine), and what is it comprised of?
breakdown of cellular debris
What is this, and in what condition will you see it in the urine?
What is this?
WBC cast
What is this (urine)?
What are these?
adenoma
What is this?
angiolipoma
What condition does this indicate?
oncocytoma
What kind of “-oma” is this?
oncocytoma
What’s wrong with these kidneys?
clear cell carcinoma
What’s wrong with this kidney?
clear cell carcinoma
What is this?
clear cell carcinoma
What kind of cancer is this?
papillary carcinoma
What kind of cancer is this?
papillary carcinoma
(finger-like proj)
What is this?
Chromophobe Carcinoma
What is this?
Chromophobe Carcinoma
What is this?
Chromophobe Carcinoma
What is this? What cell type is affected?
renal pelvis carcinoma
transitional epithelium
What is this?
Wilms tumor
What is this?
Wilm’s tumor
What is this?
Wilm’s tumor
(*mixture of cellular elements–blastemal, stromal, epithelial)
What is this?
metastatic carcinoma
