Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Renal > Renal Glomerular Filtration > Flashcards

Renal Glomerular Filtration Flashcards

1
Q

What is GFR?

A

Glomerular filtration rate

Rate of formation of filtrate in Bowman’s space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the four determinants of GFR?

A
  1. Intraglomerular (capillary) pressure
  2. Capsular pressure
  3. Oncotic pressure
  4. Glomerular permeability and surface area
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What three factors are involved in the regulation of GFR?

A
  1. Autoregulation
  2. Tubuloglomerular feedback
  3. Neurohormonal influences
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is normal GFR?

A

80-125 ml/min

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How do glomerular capillaries differ from peripheral capillaries?

A

Capillaries in the kidney are bound on both sides by arterioles (the aferent and the efferent), rather than an arteriole and a venule.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How is pressure within the glomerular capillary adjusted?

A

Tone of afferent or efferent arterioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which is relatively higher, glomerular or systemic blood pressure

A

Glomerular, this is good because we want fluid to to pushed out into Bowman’s space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is intraglomerular pressure?

A

Pressure within the glomerular capillary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is capsular pressure?

A

Pressure in Bowman’s space that opposes fluid movement out of the glomerular capillary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is trans glomerular pressure?

A

The difference between the intra-glomerular pressure and capsular pressure.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What limits the filtration in the glomerulus to about 20% of the plasma?

A

Oncotic pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

When does glomerular filtration stop?

A

When oncotic pressure exceeds transglomerular pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What affects GFR, increased permeability or decreased permeability?

A

Decreased permeability can reduce GFR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is least likely to have an effect on GFR?

A

Glomerular permeability and surface area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How does the kidney maintain GFR despite variations in systemic blood pressure under physiologic conditions?

A

Changes in pre- and post-capillary arteriolar resistance, which produces a constant intra-glomerular pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the mean arterial pressure of the glomerulus?

A

60mmHg

17
Q

How does the afferent arteriole respond to an increase in systemic blood pressure?

A

Afferent arteriole tone increases to prevent the increased pressure from reaching the capillary

18
Q

How does the afferent arteriole respond to decreases in systemic blood pressure?

A

Afferent arteriolar tone decreases to allow more of the systemic blood pressure into the capillary

19
Q

What is meant by the term autoregulation of GFR?

A

Increases/decreases in tone of afferent arteriole

20
Q

What is tubuloglomerular feedback?

A

Changes in GFR in response to changes in tubular flow rates - mediated by the macula densa and the juxtaglomerular apparatus

21
Q

What ion does the macula densa sense?

A

Chloride ions

22
Q

How does the macula densa respond to changes in chloride concentrations?

A

When chloride delivery increases (increase in GFR), response initiated to decrease GFR, and vice verse.

23
Q

What is effective circulating volume?

A

Volume of arteriole blood effectively perfusing tissue

24
Q

What effect does nor-epinephrine and epinephrine have on the kidney?

A

Increased renin release and tubular sodium re-absorption

25
Q

What effect does the renin-angiotensin system have on the kidneys?

A

Vasoconstriction systemically (to increase blood pressure) and vasoconstriction of both afferent(less) and efferent(more) arterioles to increase intra-glomerular pressure at the expense of reduced blood flow to the kidneys (a shunt).

26
Q

Define renal blood flow

A

Rate of blood flowing through kidney

27
Q

Define renal plasma flow

A

Rate of plasma (blood - RBCs) flowing through kidney

28
Q

Define filtration fraction

A

Portion of plasma that becomes filtrate

29
Q

What makes up the glomerular filter?

A
  1. Vascular endothelium
  2. Glomerular basement membrane
  3. Podocyte
    (4. Mesangial cells)
30
Q

What determines glomerulus permeability?

A
  1. Pore size

2. Charge (negative - opposites attract therefore filtering positive substances well)

31
Q

How are major fluctuations in GFR handled?

A

Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system

32
Q

How does the body respond to an increase in effective circulating volume?

A
  1. Atrial natriuretic peptide (from dilated atria)

2. Dopamine (vasodilation)

Renal (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions