Renal Final Clicker Q's Flashcards
Juxtamedullary nephrons are distinct from cortical nephrons in that they
Have significantly longer loop of Henle (and descent deeper into the medulla)
Name the muscle responsible for contraction of the bladder:
Detrusor
When a patient is in standing position, approximately where should the kidneys be located?
Between L1 and L4
The bladder is innervated by the ___ nerve cord segments?
S2 and S3
The externa sphincter is controlled by the _____ nerve
Pudendal
What starts the micturition reflex?
Sensory stretch receptors in the bladder wall
Water will move across a selectively permeable membrane from a region of ____ water concentration to a region that has a ____ water concentration
HIGH to LOW
The most variable source of water lost from the human body is water lost via:
Urine (water excreted via kidneys)
The membranes of the glomerulus carry a negative charge to help prevent the passage of:
Proteins
How many layers are present at the glomerular capillary membrane?
3
How are the capillaries of nephrons different from others in the body?
They are three layers of material (instead of 2)
Which of the following is the correct equation for calculating the filtration fraction?
FF=GRF/RPF
Colloid osmotic pressure in the glomerulus is proportional to the concentration of:
Proteins in the bloodstream
Tubular reabsorption is *Glomerular filtration is non-selective
Highly selective
In the proximal tubule, reabsorption of sodium from filtrate into the tubular cells uses
Diffusion
Proteins and amino acids are reabsorbed from the filtrate via:
Pinocytosis
The limit to the rate at which a solute can be transported during active reabsorption or secretion is the:
Transport maximum
Which portion of the loop of henle is impermeable to water?
Thick ascending
In which portion ff the loop of henle do we see significant active transport of sodium?
Thick ascending
How has the osmolatiry of filtrate changed when it reaches the end of the proximal tubule?
It has stayed the same
What will happen to reabsorption rates if we raise peritubular capillary hydrostatic pressure in the kidneys?
Decrease
What is the primary function of ADH (vasopressin)?
Help the body retain water
How has the osmolarity of the filtrate changed from initial formation to when it reaches the bottom of the loop of henle?
Increased
___ may be recycled many times between the medulla tissue and the filtrate in the renal tubule?
Urea