Renal Cysts and Tumors

Question 1

renal cyst is a ____ space in kdiney

Answer 1

fluid filled

Question 2

simple renal cyst

Answer 2

very common especially with age, common after kidney has some scarring, pts asymptomatic and no effect on kidney function

Question 3

simple renal cyst

Answer 3

cyst that is generally unilocular, round and varying in size

Question 4

acquired renal cystic disease

Answer 4

usually get these after prolonged dialysis (9mo-7yr), or ESRD

Question 5

where are acquired renal cysts most common?

Answer 5

in cortex

Question 6

what do kidneys with acquired renal cyts look like?

Answer 6

they are small, or sometimes enlarged, cysts throughout and they can become neoplastic

Question 7

ARPKD

Answer 7

autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease

Question 8

ADPKD

Answer 8

autosomal dominant polycystic kid dz

Question 9

onset of ___ Is early

Answer 9

ARPKD : ESRD by age 15 or even 8

Question 10

infants with ARPKD can die from what

Answer 10

pulmonary insufficiency: potters syndrome

Question 11

what is potters syndrome?

Answer 11

baby develops without amniotic fluid = hyperplastic lungs

Question 12

what do ARPKD kidneys look like?

Answer 12

spongy, bilaterally symmetrically enlarged, usually smooth surface with 1-2 mm cysts, diffuse dilation of collecting ducts

Question 13

in ARPKD what are 2 main problems to be aware of?

Answer 13

problem area: renal tubules become cystic

ALWAYS look for liver disease as well

Question 14

Which is more common ARPKD or ADPKD

Answer 14

ADPKD 1 per 1000 ppl

Question 15

an abnormal gene on chromosome 16 is found with ___

Answer 15

ADPKD

Question 16

what is typical ADPKD presentation?

Answer 16

age 30-60, dull flank pain, flank masses, uremia, positive family history, HTN, colic etc

Question 17

what lab profile fits ADPKD? 5 things..

Answer 17

anemia, low GFR, low high BUN and creatinine, and hematuria

Question 18

list a few ADPKD associated sx

Answer 18

cysts all over: liver, pancrease, spleen, thyroid, seminal vesicle

vascular problems: berry aneurysms, aortic aneurysm, aortic root dilatation, MV

GI: diverticulosis

Question 19

_____ pts will have bilaterally enlarged kidneys

Answer 19

ADPKD with cysts arising from any part of nephron or collecting duct

Question 20

treatment for ADPKD and some other cysts dz

Answer 20

renal transplant

Question 21

Wilms tumor aka as ___

Answer 21

nephroblastoma

Question 22

definition wilms tumor

Answer 22

nephroblastoma from nephrogenic blast cells, embryological

Question 23

___ is most common genitourinary cancer in kids 2-4

Answer 23

nephroblastoma

Question 24

wilms tumor is most common in ___

Answer 24

young kids not neonates/infants

Question 25

wilms presentaiton

Answer 25

kid 1-3 yrs, abdominal mass with unilateral pain and hematuria

Question 26

what racial group highest risk wilms tumor

Answer 26

Af. Am. > Caucasian > asain

Question 27

mutation on chromosome ___ may increase wilms tumor incidence

Answer 27

11