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Applied Anatomy > Renal Applied Anatomy > Flashcards

Renal Applied Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Function of the kidney

A

Removal of waste products

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2
Q

What is the other major filter in human body?

A

Liver

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3
Q

Loop of Henle

A

Descending and Ascending limb

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4
Q

Main functions of Nephron

A

Filtration
Reabsorption /Passive
Secretion /Passive

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5
Q

Why do you need to go Pee more in the cold ?

A
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6
Q

Does it mean that Glomerular Filtration is purely dependent on blood pressure and perfusion?

A

Hydrostatic pressure pushes the fluid out and the osmotic/oncotic pressure is the fluid that keeps it inside

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7
Q

2 forces ?

A
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8
Q

Afferent Arteriole

A

Vasoconstriction decrease GFR

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9
Q

Efferent Arteriole

A

Vasoconstriction increases GFR

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10
Q

Proximal Convoluted Tubule

A

70% of Reabsorption
Active secretions of large molecules

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11
Q

Ion Pumps

A

Na reabsorbed (exchanged for H+)

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12
Q

The only area sugar is being absorbed is Glucose

A

The proximal convoluted tubule is the only region

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13
Q

Secretion

A

Organic acids and bases
Hydrogen ions (H+)
drugs /toxins

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14
Q

Acid-Base Balance Renal Compensation

A

CO2 + H2O <H2CO3<H2CO3-+H+
More H+ in blood -lower the pH

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15
Q

Respiratory or metabolic problem?

A
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16
Q

Loop of Henle

A
17
Q

Collecting system

A

Some H+ secretion
ADH controlled H20 reabsorption

18
Q

Distal Convoluted tubule

A

Secretion of ions into the filtrate K+
Ca reabsorption

19
Q

Renal function assessment

A

GFR, eGFR, Creatinine Clearance

20
Q
A
21
Q

Urea and Creatinine

A

Urea and creatinine both freely at the glomerulus

Creatinine is not reabsorbed

Urea reabsorbed by tubules through regulation

U/Cr ratio can be used as an indicator of the likely cause of renal failure

22
Q

Prerenal
Normal or post-renal
Renal

A

> 100 :1
40-100 : 1
<40 :1

23
Q

20 years of patient presenting with HTN and Haematuria, Renal function is very abnormal, Blood test show

A

Nephritic syndrome

Caused by autoimmune

24
Q

Nephritic Vs Nephrotic

A
25
Q

38 years old-known alcoholic is being admitted with hypokalaemia. Recently replaced now very low again

Why does alcohol increase diuresis?

A
26
Q

Why does alcohol increase the diuresis ?

A

To increase low osmolality fluid in the serum

Inhibition if ADH (Vasopressin) decrease urine concentration

27
Q

Urine Potassium Wasting

A
28
Q

Mini summary

A

Nephron is a functional unit of a kidney

The role of its components in

Applied Anatomy (3 decks)

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