Renal Anatomy And Histology And Relations

Question 1

What structures in urinary tract?

Answer 1

Kidney
Ureter
Urinary bladder
Urethra

Question 2

Function of kidneys?

Answer 2

Water-electrolyte balance

Acid base balance

Question 3

Location? Of kidney

Answer 3

Behind the peritoneum behind post. Abdominal wall.
Right kidney lower because of right lobe if liver.
Left kidney upper.

Question 4

Coverings of kidney.

Answer 4

Inner to outer

Fibrous capsule
Parirenal fat
Renal fascia
Para renal fat

For diagram see samsung notes

Question 5

Renal structure?

Answer 5

Divided into 2 structure

Outer cortex
Inner medulla

Medulla have pyramid like structure called renal pyramid having base and apex. Base is at the portion where cortex and medulla meet.

See fig 2

Question 6

Blood supply of renal? Kidney

Answer 6

Renal Artey
Inter lobar artery 
Arcuate artery
Inter lobular arteries 
Afferent arterioles 
Glomerular capillaries 
Efferent arterioles 
Peritubular capillaries 

See fig 3

Then venous supply start.

Question 7

Lymph supply and nerve supply

Answer 7

Lateral aortic lymph nodes

Nerve supply: Renal sympathetic plexus

Question 8

Relation of Left and and right kidney ?

Ant, post, muscle, nerve

Answer 8

Right kidney lower
Left kidney upper.

Right left

Anterior
Supra renal gland supra renal gland
Liver SSP
Right colic flexure Left colic flexure
Duodenum jejunum

Posterior
Diaphragm
Costodiaphagmatic recess 11tb and 12th ribs
12th rib

Muscle
Psoas
Transversalis abdominis
Qudratus laboram

Nerve
Subcostal
Ilioingunal
Ilio hypogastric nerve

Question 9

Histology of kidney

Answer 9

Have two parts

1Stroma

a. Capsule and
b. connective tissue

Provide support to the kidney

2 Parenchyma

a. Cortex (outer)
Darkly stain, brown red, Glomerular capping, proximal and Distal convulated tubules.
These structures are Spherical structures

b.Medulla
Lightly stain region,
Loop of henle and collecting tubules

Question 10

Epithelium of kidneys structure?

Answer 10

Glomerular capillaries: simple squamous epi

Bowman’s capsule two layer
Visceral(pudocytes cells) and parietal layer having
Simple squamous epi.

PCT: simple cuboidal epi.
Loop of henle: simple squamous epi
Distil and collecting tubules: simple cuboidal epi.

See fig 4

Question 11

Slides determination

Answer 11

In cortex
..Glomerular capsule having many capillaries

..DCT and PCT have same epi so there determination is by Spherical DCT and LENGTHY PCT haing microvilli inside lumen.

In Medulla
..Loop of henle
..vasa recta in red color