Renal Anatomy and Histology Flashcards
Kidney location
Retroperitoneal lying about T12-L3
Right kidney sits lower.
Left hilum lies:
Near the transpyloric plane (right kidney’s superior lobe is near transpyloric plane).
Posteriorly, the superior parts of the kidneys lie deep to:
The 11th and 12th ribs
Renal tissue gets its blood supply from:
Segmental arteries
Ureter gets its blood supply from:
A variety of sources en route (renal branches, gonadal branches, iliac branches, abdominal aorta branches, etc)
Succession of renal blood supply (9)
Aorta Renal a. Segmental a. Interlobar a. Arcuate a. Cortical radiate a. Affarent arteriole Glomerulus Efferent arteriole
Sympathetic innervation to the kidney
Via lesser splanchnic n. (T10-11) and least splanchnic n. (T12) synapsing at the aorticorenal ganglia.
Lumbar splanchnic ns. also play a role (L1-L2)
What exists in the renal interstitium?
Fibroblasts producing EPO depending on O2 levels.
Parietal layer and visceral layer of Bowman’s capsule:
P: simple squamous epithelium
V: consists of podocytes
Vascular pole contains (2)
Afferent and efferent arterioles
Urinary pole contains (1)
Origin of the proximal convoluted tubule
Glomerular endothelium (4)
Has fenestrations.
Thick luminal glycocalyx.
Has lots of aquaporins.
Can generate NO and PGE2
Function of podocytes
Regulate size, patency, and selectivity of filtration.
GBM is composed of (4)
Type IV and XVII collagens, laminin, entactin, proteoglycans.
What is albuminia and what does it indicate?
Urine albumin.
Damage to GBM.