Renal

Question 1

Mannitol- Site

Answer 1

All but esp. Loop of Henle

Question 2

When should acetazolamide be used?

Answer 2

Glaucoma

Question 3

What two drugs are approved for glaucoma

Answer 3

Mannitol and acetazolamide

Question 4

What drug class works on the distal tubule (name an example)

Answer 4

thiazide diuretic (hydrochlorothiazide)

Question 5

What drug is best for primary hyperaldosteronism or liver cirrhosis?

Answer 5

Spirinolactone - aldosterone antagonist

Question 6

Mannitol- type

Answer 6

osmotic diuretic

Question 7

When should spirinolactone be used?

Answer 7

primary hyperaldosteronism or liver cirrhosis

Question 8

What drug should be used for glaucoma

Answer 8

Acetazolamide

Question 9

What drug is best in renal insufficiency

Answer 9

Furosemide because it is effective at low glomerular filtration rates

Question 10

Why is acetazolamide a bad diuretic

Answer 10

Acts on proximal tubule so distal tubules will compensate

Question 11

What two drugs increase K

Answer 11

Spirinolactone (AA) and Triamterene (distal)

Question 12

What drug may increase Ca

Answer 12

Distal diuretics- triamterine

Question 13

What drug class works on the proximal tubule (name an example)

Answer 13

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (think CAI-P) - acetazolamide

Question 14

What effect do loop diurectics have on Ca, K and Mg

Answer 14

Increased excretion (be careful if not urinating)

Question 15

What are the non-tubular effects of furosemide

Answer 15

Renal vasodilation, increased renin secretion, increase venous capacitance

Question 16

What caution must be observed in spirinolactone

Answer 16

Diminished K loss

Question 17

Where does furosemide work

Answer 17

Thick ascending LoH

Question 18

What drug should be used in cases of increased intracranial pressure

Answer 18

mannitol

Question 19

Will hydrochlorothiazide be helpful in renal insufficiency?

Answer 19

N- not effective at low glomerular filtration rates

Question 20

What drugs cannot be given orally

Answer 20

Mannitol

Question 21

What is a side effect of chronic use of loop diuretics

Answer 21

Decreased K

Question 22

When should hydrochlorothiazone be used?

Answer 22

combo in refractory heart failure with furosemide

Question 23

What drug class works on all segments but mostly the loop of henle (name an example)

Answer 23

Osmotic diuretics- mannitol

Question 24

Where do thiazide diuretics work

Answer 24

distal tubule (think HT-Z comes after A-Z)

Question 25

Where do K-sparing diuretics work

Answer 25

Collecting duct

Question 26

What drugs are a poor diuretic

Answer 26

Spirinolactone, acetazolamide

Question 27

What drugs should NOT be used in CHF

Answer 27

Spirinolactone and mannitol

Question 28

When should furosemide be used?

Answer 28

CHF, combo in refractory heart failure with hydrochlorothiazone

Question 29

What drug class works on the distal tubule and collecting ducts(name an example)

Answer 29

Aldosterone antagonists- spironolactone

Question 30

What combination of drugs should be used in refractory heart failure

Answer 30

hydrochlorothiazide with a loop diuretic like furosemide

Question 31

What type of diurectic is furosemide

Answer 31

Loop diuretic

Question 32

Mannitol- contraindications

Answer 32

congestive heart failure because increases plasma water content,

Question 33

What three conditions are best for mannitol

Answer 33

Renal, cerebral edema, glaucoma

Question 34

What kind of drug is spirinolactone

Answer 34

Aldosterone antagonist

Question 35

What drugs are not given IV

Answer 35

spirinolactone and hydrochlorothiazide

Question 36

What is the diuretic that is the strongest

Answer 36

Loop diuretic

Question 37

What diuretic is best for CHF pulmonary edema?

Answer 37

Furosemide