Renal Flashcards

1
Q

Compensation

Metab alkalosis

A

Change in bicarb x 0.7 + 40

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2
Q

Compensation

Acute resp acidosis

A

For every 10 inc in CO2, bicarb dec by 1

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3
Q

Compensation

Acute resp alkalosis

A

For every 10 dec in CO2, bicarb inc by 2

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4
Q

Compensation

Chronic resp acidosis

A

For every 10 inc in CO2, bicarb dec by 3.5

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5
Q

Compensation

Chronic resp alkalosis

A

For every 10 dec in CO2, bicarb inc by 5

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6
Q

Corrected anion gap for albumin

A

For every dec in alb by 1, add 2.5 to anion gap

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7
Q

Defect in Barter’s syndrome

A

Ascending loop of Henle

Acts like lasix

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8
Q

Defect in Gittelman’s

A

Decreased transport defect in distal tubules

Acts like thiazide

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9
Q

Defect in Liddle’s

A

Increased transport defect in distal tubules

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10
Q

Re RTAs

A

RTA type 2 and 1;
Will have stones and hypokalemia

RTA type 4:
Hyperkalemia
Ph 5.5

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11
Q

Compensation

Metab acidosis

A

1.5 x Bicarb + 8

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12
Q

Urine gap

A

Na+k - Cl

Positive in RTA and renal dse
negative in diarrhea and GI

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13
Q

Hypernatremia

A

Think diabetes insipidus

Central- if it corrects w/ ddavp
Nephrogenic- if no change in water deprivation or ddavp

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14
Q

Normal values
Urina Na
urine osm

A

Urine na: 20-40

Urine osm: 600

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15
Q

Tx of central diabetes insipidus

A

Demeclocycline, tolvaptan

Conivaptan if acute

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16
Q

Hyponatremia causes (isovolemic)

A

SIADH vs psychogenic

Siadh: urina na and osm is inc
Psychogenic: urine na and osm is dec

17
Q

Ua with blood but no rbcs

A

Rhabdo
PNH
High vit c intake
Contamination w/ povidone iodine

18
Q

What has been shown to preserve renal fxn in APKD

A

Tolvaptan

19
Q

Nephrotic histopath presentations

A

Minimal change
FSG
Membranous
Membranoproliferative

20
Q

Nephritic histopath presentations

A

Post strep GN
IgA nephropathy
HSP
RPGN

21
Q

RPGN types

A

1- goodpastures
2- penicillamine
3- wegeners

22
Q

Dse associated w/ minimal change

A

Lithium
NSAIDs
Hodgkins
Leukemia

23
Q

Dse assoc w/ FSG

A
Obesity
black
HIV
Heroin
Sickle cell
24
Q

Dse assoc w/ membranoproliferative

A

Sle
Sbe
Cryoglobulinemia
Hep B,C

25
Q

IM in Minimal change

A

Normal

26
Q

IM in FSG

A

IgM, C3

27
Q

IM in membranous

A

IgG, C3

28
Q

Tramtrack

A

Membranoproliferative

29
Q

Wire loop

A

Membranous

30
Q

Lumpy bumpy granular

A

Post strep GN

31
Q

Complement in post strep GN

A

Low c3, Normal c4, CH50

32
Q

Linear igG deposition

A

Goodpastures

33
Q

Pauci immune RPGN

A

Wegeners, PAN

34
Q

How to confirm renal manifestations of vasculitis

A

Renal biopsy