Renaissance

Question 1

what happened in the early 14th and 15th century

Answer 1

revival and development of roman and greek architecture, known as the high renaissance

Question 2

where and who developed it

Answer 2

in Florence and Filippo Bruenelleshi

Question 3

didn’t grow slowly like gothic out of romanesque

Answer 3

consciously brought to being by architects who wanted to revive the ‘golden age’

Question 4

italian architects have always liked…

Answer 4

… buildings that were clearly defined and showed their purpose

Question 5

what did the wealthy families do

Answer 5

gathered around them people of learning and ability, promoting skills and employment for the most talented artists and architects of their day

Question 6

Quattrocento

Answer 6

1400-1500 concepts were explored and rules were formulated

adoption of classical denial and space was organised by proportional logic, form and rhythm subject to geometry

Question 7

High Renaissance

Answer 7

1500-1525 concepts were developed and used with greater confidence
most represented architect was Bramante

Question 8

what did Bramante do

Answer 8

applied classical architecture to contemporary buildings

Question 9

mannerism period

Answer 9

used architectural forms to emphasise solid and spatial relationships
best known architect associated with mannerist style is Michelangelo

Question 10

Michelangelo

Answer 10

mannerist style

frequently used the giant order

Question 11

what’s the giant order

Answer 11

a large pilaster that stretches from the bottom to the top of the facade

Question 12

the dome of Santa Maria del Fiore

Answer 12

Filippo Brunelleschi - renaissance styled dome
structure already made, 3 wide naves ending under an octagonal dome
Brunelleschi won competition and commissioned the dome
6 side windows notable for delicate tracery and ornamentation
only the 4 windows closest to the transept admit light

Question 13

what is the largest brick dome ever constructed

Answer 13

the dome of Santa Maria del Fiore
no wooden support frame
exterior walls faced with horizontal and vertical bands of polychrome marble
looked to the great dome of the pantheon for solutions

Question 14

Filippo Brunelleschi (1377-1446)

Answer 14

Italian designer and key figure in architecture
first modern engineer, planner and sole construction supervisor
considered the first renaissance architect

Question 15

what was one of the first events of renaissance architecture

Answer 15

the rejection of flying buttresses- they were seen as ugly and the italian architects returned to the Mediterranean styled dome

Question 16

how was the dome of Santa Maria del Fiore constructed

Answer 16

with a double shell and out of brick due to its light weigh

Question 17

what else was Brunelleschi known for

Answer 17

linear perspective
depended a lot on mirrors and geometry - drilling a whole through the centric vanishing point and comparing the image to that object through the mirror]
his accomplishments also include other architectural works, sculpture, mathematics, engineering and ship design

Question 18

ospedale degli innocenti

Answer 18

another Filippo Brunelleschi design
9-bay loggia 9 semicircle arches from columns of composite order
emphasis on horizontal as the building is longer that taller
tabernacle windows above each arch

Question 19

whats composite order

Answer 19

a mixed order combining volutes from the ionic order and the acanthus leaves from the corinthian order

Question 20

whats a tabernacle window

Answer 20

a rectangular window with a triangular pediment on top

Question 21

whats a loggia

Answer 21

a covered exterior corridor or gallery

Question 22

Capella de’ pazzi

Answer 22

Brunelleschi - chapel of harmonious proportions

based on simple geometrical forms - square and circles

Question 23

Who was the chef architect of the Venetian republic

Answer 23

Andrea Palladio

Question 24

who specialised in Domestic architecture

Answer 24

Andrea Palladio

Question 25

the organisation of the internal and external spaces in Ren. Archit. was largely influenced by…

Answer 25

the employment of central perspective

Question 26

what is a feature of Ren. Archit.

Answer 26

domes and arches

Question 27

Filippo Brunelleschi was responsible for the project of…

Answer 27

the lantern of Santa Maria del fiore

Question 28

the most relevant theorist in architecture of the renaissance was

Answer 28

Leon battista alberti