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Ren R 201 > Ren 201 Past midterm 1 > Flashcards

Ren 201 Past midterm 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Which CGIS innovation is evident in AVI data?
a) geographical partitioning of data into “tiles”
b) use of 1:20,000 aerial photography
c) continuous inventory
d) wildfire management
e) partitioning data into themes or layers

A

a) geographical partitioning of data into “tiles”

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2
Q

DGPS (differential GPS)
a) measures ionospheric effects and updates GPS coordinates accordingly
b) is a GPS system based on geostationary orbits
c) is a system of reducing satellite signal interference
d) utilizes the difference between a know position and measured position to increase the accuracy of GPS units
e) cannot correct for selective availability

A

d) utilizes the difference between a know position and measured position to increase the accuracy of GPS units

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3
Q

What is the unique additional information that distinguishes an orthographically rectified image from a geometrically rectified image?
A) Standard coordinate system
B) Sensor height
C) Sensor orientation
D) Sensor location
E) Digital elevation model (DEM)

A

E) Digital elevation model (DEM)

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4
Q
  1. Which of the following world data would be best for the vector GIS model?
    a) countries
    b) pollution
    c) temperature
    d) population
    e) elevation
A

a) countries

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5
Q
  1. A conformal projection will shown a distribution of Tissot’s indicatrix that are
    a) different shapes and different sizes
    b) the same shape but different sizes
    c) this question cannot be answered with the given information
    d) the same size but different shapes
    e) the same size and the same shape
A

b) the same shape but different sizes

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6
Q
  1. the tiling of a plane using one geometric shape with no overlaps and no gaps is a
    a) projection
    b) tessellation
    c) topology
    d) polygon
    e) vector model
A

b) tessellation

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7
Q
  1. This is a set of rules and behaviours that model how points, lines, and polygons share coincident geometry.
    a) topology
    b) vectors
    c) rasters
    d) parallax
    e) projections
A

a) topology

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8
Q
  1. Which of the following are the primitive vector objects
    a) point, line, cell
    b) cell, polygon
    c) point, line, polygon
    d) polygon
    e) line, polygon
A

c) point, line, polygon

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9
Q
  1. Assume a map has a representative fraction of 1:100. If an object on the map has an area of 100 square centimetres, the real world area of the object would be
    a) 10 square metres
    b) 10000 square metres
    c) 1 square metre
    d) 100 square metres
    e) 1000 square metres
A

d) 100 square metres

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10
Q
  1. Choose the best answer.
    a) The raster model is best for modeling discrete objects.
    b) The raster model is a less abstract model of reality than the vector model.
    c) Both the raster model and the vector model can contain various abstractions of reality.
    d) The vector model is a less abstract model of reality than the raster model.
    e) A field, such as humidity, is best modeled with the vector model.
A

c) Both the raster model and the vector model can contain various abstractions of reality.

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11
Q
  1. This country was the first to produce a fully operational GIS.
    a) USA
    b) Russia
    c) India
    d) China
    e) Canada
A

e) Canada

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12
Q
  1. Which of the following magnetic declination factors is uniform regardless of location.
    a) secular variation
    b) all the option vary by location
    c) local magnetic anomalies
    d) solar magnetic activity
    e) diurnal change
A

b) all the option vary by location

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13
Q
  1. Which of the following is not an element of photo interpretation?
    a) location/association
    b) pattern
    c) shape
    d) focal length
    e) tone
A

d) focal length?

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14
Q
  1. Which of the following is an example of In Situ data?
    a) aerial photograph
    b) satellite imagery
    c) field plot
    d) digitizing an analog map
A

c) field plot

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15
Q
  1. In GIS, the abbreviation “I” stands for
    a) instruction
    b) information
    c) intelligence
    d) instance
    e) interpolated
A

b) information

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16
Q
  1. One millimetre on a 1:1,000,000 scale image corresponds to a distance in reality of
    a) 1 kilometre
    b) 10 kilometres
    c) 100 kilometres
    d) 1000 kilometres
    e) 100 metres
A

a) 1 kilometre

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17
Q
  1. An example of a nominal data type from AVI attribute data is
    a) crown closure
    b) tree height
    c) leading species
    d) percent cover
    e) moisture regime
A

c) leading species

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18
Q
  1. Tissot’s Indicatrix is a
    a) GIS model
    b) map metric
    c) surface orientation
    d) map projection
    e) distortion ellipse
A

e) distortion ellipse

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19
Q
  1. The process of transforming a three-dimensional surface onto a flat map sheet is called a
    a) ellipsoid
    b) tesselation
    c) standard parallel
    d) projection
    e) spheroid
A

d) projection

20
Q
  1. An image that has been transformed from its original geometry and adjusted to a known coordinate system and has distortion due to topographic variation corrected is
    a) transformed with a third order polynomial
    b) cubic resampled
    c) bilinear resampled
    d) orthorectified
    e) georectified
A

d) orthorectified

21
Q
  1. Which of the following is not a vector format advantage?
    a) high resolution
    b) simple data structure
    c) topological
    d) spatial accuracy
    e) map analog
A

b) simple data structure

22
Q
  1. The focal length is related to altitude above ground level(AGL) in the same way as
    a) photo distance is to ground distance
    b) focal length is to ground distance
    c) photo distance is to focal length
    d) ground distance is to focal length
    e) ground distance is to altitude above ground level(AGL)
A

a) photo distance is to ground distance

23
Q
  1. Which of the following is an advantage of the raster format?
    a) good map analog
    b) spatial accuracy
    c) compatible with imagery
    d) large data set
    e) easy polygon generation
A

c) compatible with imagery

24
Q
  1. Which of the following is not a CGIS innovation?
    a) GPS
    b) using an absolute system of coordinates
    c) partitioning data into map tiles or map sheets
    d) separation of data in location and attribute files
    e) partitioning data into layers or themes
A

a) GPS

25
Q
  1. The collection of tools, including machinery, modifications, arrangements and procedures used by humans is defined as
    a) technology
    b) declination
    c) attribute data
    d) projection
    e) GIS
A

a) technology

26
Q
  1. What is the scientific discipline that deals with the measurement, representation and gravitational field of Earth?
    a) projection
    b) equipotential
    c) orthorectification
    d) geodesy
    e) georectification
A

d) geodesy

27
Q
  1. Which film/sensor type is best at distinguishing plant diseases?
    a) colour diapositive
    b) panchromatic
    c) colour infrared
    d) black and white infrared
    e) colour negative
A

c) colour infared

28
Q
  1. The minimum mapping unit of a raster is the
    a) cell
    b) point
    c) topology
    d) extent
    e) polygon
A

a) cell

29
Q
  1. Which of the following is false.
    a) the global positioning system (GPS) provides coverage of the entire Earth
    b) some GPS receivers can use signals from more than one global navigation system.
    c) GPS provides an absolute location system.
    d) Receivers require an unobstructed line of site to the satellites.
    e) all global navigation satellite systems (GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou) have an inclined circular
A

c) GPS provides an absolute location system.

30
Q
  1. The common map projection surfaces are
    a) gnomic, stereographic
    b) secant, tangent
    c) conic, cylindrical, and planar
    d) spheroid, projection
    e) vector, tesselation
A

c) conic, cylindrical, and planar

31
Q
  1. Suppose you are using a GPS unit while standing in the bottom of a long deep dark hole. What is likely to contribute the most error to the location reading?
    a) satellite clock error and ephemeris error
    b) tropospheric errors and ionospheric errors
    c) ephemeris error and tropospheric effects
    d) DOP and multipath distortion
    e) ephemeris error and ionospheric error
A

d) DOP and multipath distortion

32
Q
  1. When, approximately, did the field of GIS start?
    a) 1830’s
    b) 1960’s
    c) 1990’s
    d) 2000’s
    e) 1930’s
    f) 1900’s
A

b) 1960’s

33
Q
  1. The term used to denote the displacement of one object in relation to another caused by the shift in the position of observation is
    a) principle point
    b) topology
    c) orthographic
    d) parallax
    e) projection
A

d) parallax

34
Q
  1. In this projection, graticule lines intersect at 90 degree angles.
    a) equal area
    b) gnomic
    c) true-direction
    d) equidistant
    e) conformal
A

e) conformal

35
Q
  1. Which of the following is not a “component” of GIS?
    a) methods and procedures
    b) analog maps
    c) software
    d) hardware
    e) data
A

b) analog maps

36
Q
  1. Which of the following is not a metric property of a projection?
    a) distance
    b) area
    c) elevation
    d) shape
    e) direction
A

c) elevation

37
Q
  1. Which of the following is not transmitted from a GPS satellite?
    a) Satellite health
    b) ionospheric models
    c) satellite location
    d) tropospheric models
    e) Satellite time
A

d) tropospheric models

38
Q
  1. What is the minimum number of GPS satellites that need to be visible to the GPS receiver in order to provide exactly one 2D position fix?
    a) 5
    b) 2
    c) 3
    d) 1
    e) 4
A

c) 3

39
Q
  1. Which of the following objects describe an equipotential gravity surface?
    a) datum
    b) spheroid
    c) globe
    d) geoid
    e) UTM
A

d) geoid

40
Q
  1. The principle of ignoring those aspects of a subject that are not relevant to the current purpose in order to concentrate solely on those that are defines
    a) perception
    b) complexity
    c) abstraction
    d) precision
    e) continuous
A

c) abstraction

41
Q
  1. Which of the following cannot be a tesselation shape?
    a) diamond
    b) circle
    c) triangle
    d) square
    e) hexagon
A

b) circle

42
Q
  1. If a latitude is expressed as 53 degrees 30 minutes, it can also be expressed as
    a) 53.5 N
    b) 53.3 N
    c) 53.30 N
    d) 53.3333333333 N
    e) This question cannot be answered.
A

a) 53.5 N

43
Q
  1. An early example of a ‘spatial analysis’ is the use of maps by Dr. John Snow showing
    a) winter is coming.
    b) nearest pub locations.
    c) recreational opportunities.
    d) deaths by cholera.
    e) forest inventory.
A

d) deaths by cholera.

44
Q
  1. The two basic data structures in GIS are
    a) topology and coverage
    b) digital and analog
    c) polygons and pixel
    d) raster and vector
    e) tile and layer
A

d) raster and vector

45
Q
  1. Which of the following is false about transformation methods
    a) straight lines will remain straight after a first order transformation
    b) a low RMS error means that an image is accurately registered
    c) In general, the higher the order of transformation, the lower the RMS error
    d) a zero order transformation will shift but not rotate an image
    e) polynomial transformation does not correct relief (topographic) displacement
A

b) a low RMS error means that an image is accurately registered

46
Q
  1. This GPS error is a measure of satellite geometry
    A) dilution of precision
    B) ephemeris errors
    C) mulitpath distortion
    D) ionospheric effects
    E) tropospheric effects
A

A) dilution of precision

Ren R 201 (4 decks)

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