religious fundamentalism Flashcards
1
Q
GRACIE DAVIE - clashing of cultures
A
- says fundamentalism occurs when those who hold traditional views are threatened by modernity
- occurs because of a clash between modern society and traditional cultures
2
Q
GRACE DAVIE - secular fundamentalism
A
- religious fundamentalism provoked secular fundamentalism
- e.g. 2010 france banned wearing of the veil in public
- secular fundamentalism preserves cultural identity and legitimates exclusion of religious/cultural minorities
3
Q
ZYGMUNT BAUMAN - retreating
A
- postmodernism has brought freedom and choice
- some feel threatened and retreat into fundamentalist communities and are attracted to fundamentalism’s claim of absolute truth
CRITICISMS: exaggerates freedom in postmodern societies, few people are involved with religious fundamentalism
4
Q
MANUEL CASTELLS - two responses to postmodernity
A
- RESISTANCE IDENTITY: defensive reaction of those who feel threatened and retreat into fundamentalist communities
- PROJECT IDENTITY: forward-thinking and engage with social movements such as feminism/environmentalism
5
Q
SAMUAL P. HUNTINGTON - clash of civilisation
A
- peoples cultural/religious identities will be the primary source of conflict in society
- wars not fought between countries, but cultures
- west is under attack from islam
6
Q
ANTHONY GIDDENS - reaction to cosmopolitanism
A
- Fundamentalism is a reaction to globalisation/choices we now have in life
- Fundamentalists believe the nuclear family, gender and sexuality are all under threat
- Cosmopolitanism: open, tolerant, reflects/modifies beliefs
- Sees lifestyles as a personal choice, not dictated by religious authority
- Fundamentalism is a reaction to this
7
Q
STEVE BRUCE - monotheistic religions
A
- Argues fundamentalism is confined to monotheistic religions (one God)
- Hinduism is unlikely to produce fundamentalism due to its polytheistic nature – greater tolerance for differing views
8
Q
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