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Tudors > Religious Changes > Flashcards

Religious Changes Flashcards

1
Q

When did Henry marry Catherine of Aragon?

A

June 1509

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2
Q

When did Henry become Supreme Head?

A

1531

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3
Q

When did Cranmer become Archbishop of Canterbury?

A

1532

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4
Q

What did Henry write in 1521 criticising Luther?

A

The 7 sacraments

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5
Q

What title was Henry given by the pope?

A

Defender of the Faith

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6
Q

When did Henry end his marriage to Catherine and marry Anne?

A

1533

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7
Q

When was the Act of Supremacy enforced?

A

1534

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8
Q

What did Cranmer investigate?

A

Historical evidence support Royal supremacy and found that Henry didn’t have to obey the pope

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9
Q

What was the Erastian view of kingship?

A

That the king should be head of the church

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10
Q

When was the Supplication against the ordinaries drawn up and what was it?

A

It was a petition to Henry complaining about the clerical abuses - Cromwell drew it up

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11
Q

Who became Archbishop of Canterbury?

A

Thomas Cranmer

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12
Q

What happened in April 1533

A

Cranmer led convocation and discussed the validity of Henry’s marriage and the marriage was annulled

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13
Q

What was the Act in Restraint Appeals?

A

It meant that Catherine couldn’t make a legal appeal to the pope

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14
Q

When did Henry break with Rome?

A

1534

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15
Q

What was Henry’s own religious beliefs?

A

He was a catholic but reforms took place due to his desparation for a male heir to the throne

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16
Q

Who influenced his religious beliefs?

A

Anne, Cromwell and Cranmer

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17
Q

What was Edward’s religious beliefs?

A

He was a devout Protestant

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18
Q

Who were Edward’s Lord Protectors?

A

Somerset and Northumberland

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19
Q

What changes did he make?

A

repealed acts made at the end of Henry’s reign

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20
Q

Why did Northumberland take over?

A

Because somerset was involved in a coup (to exclude Mary from the succession in favour of Jane Grey)

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21
Q

What did Cranmer publish in 1547?

A

Book of Homilies - had a protestant slant

22
Q

What changes were made by Cranmer?

A

issued an English version of Mass

23
Q

What did Cranmer do in 1552?

A

A protestant book of Common Prayer - Catholic stone alter replaced with a wooden table and clergy had to wear plain vestments

24
Q

What was the 42 Articles enforced by Cranmer in 1553?

A

confirmed English faith as Calvinist Protestantism

25
Q

What did the new series of injunctions enforce?

A

all images to be removed from churches

26
Q

Why did parliament meet in 1547?

A

to repeal the Act of 6 Articles and dissolution of chantries

27
Q

What was the Act of Uniformity in 1549?

A

enforced the English book of common prayer

28
Q

What happened in 1550?

A

Parish churches had to surrender catholic books

29
Q

What were Mary’s beliefs?

A

Devout Catholic who wanted to restore rome

30
Q

Who helped her with religious changes?

A

Reginald Pole and her husband Philip

31
Q

How did Mary receive Papal absolution?

A

The pope’s legate Reginald Pole granted it when she repeal every act passed since 1529

32
Q

How many bishops sis Mary appoint?

A

6 e.g. Thomas Goldwell

33
Q

How many catholic titles did Pole encourage to publish?

A

64

34
Q

When and wheat was the church synod enforced by Pole?

A

In 1555-56 to improve the education of clergy and encouraged seminaries

35
Q

How many monastic institutes did they Pole and Mary find?

A

6

36
Q

Which Edwardian bishops did Mary burn?

A

Latimer and Ridley in 155-1556

37
Q

How did parliament react to the religious changes?

A

there was some protestant opposition in parliament

38
Q

What did parliament oppose to?

A

the 2 bills First Fruits and Tenths (payments to the church) and Exiles Bill (confiscations)

39
Q

What were Elizabeth’s beliefs?

A

Moderate protestant and preferred a compromise and had a mixture of beliefs (some traditional)

40
Q

Which minister influenced Elizabeth?

A

Cecil

41
Q

What did Elizabeth and Cecil achieve together?

A

A religious settlement

42
Q

Who’s power did they need to undermine?

A

The Lord’s power

43
Q

How did they undermine the Lords’ power?

A

provoked a debate leading to a catholic walkout
Bishop White and Watson were arrested for not taking part and so protestant bishops appointed in their place
Signed a peace treaty with France

44
Q

What was Elizabeth’s first parliamentary bill of 1559?

A

enforced her royal supremacy but the Lord’s rejected this

45
Q

Which 2 bills were introduced after Easter?

A

Act of Supremacy and Act of Uniformity

46
Q

Which act was rejected?

A

Act of uniformity

47
Q

What oath was enforced?

A

Oath of loyalty

48
Q

What was the Act of Uniformity?

A

It was a compromise that Catholics could still believe in transubstantiation and the return of vestments

49
Q

Who did Elizabeth leave matters of doctrine to in 1559?

A

to convocation but she was able to intervene

50
Q

What was passed under the pressure of Puritan convocation?

A

Article 29 which denied transubstantiation

51
Q

What articles did Covocation want?

A

39 but Elizabeth said 38 (later on became 39)

52
Q

What were the articles that were defeated?

A

6 Articles - appearance and church service radical and surplice

Tudors (6 decks)

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